Judaism, Christiniy, and Islam
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The early development of Western civilization can be traced back to the ancient Near East, when people in Egypt and Mesopotamia urbanized some structured societies and shaped the institutions and thoughts that we connect or co-relate with civilization. The later Greeks and Romans, who played very vital role in the expansion of Western civilization, were themselves nourished and prejudiced by these older societies in the Near East. Around 3000 B.C., the people in Mesopotamia and Egypt started to expand cities and struggle with the problems of planned states. They introduced writing in order to keep records and formed literature. They constructed monumental structural designs as to delight their gods, represented their power, and conserve their culture for ever. (A Review of Western Civilization to 1550, n.d.). The Hebrew beginning of moral or principled monotheism, with its pressure on human pride, is one major source of western tradition. The second important source is ancient Greeks, both of them (Hebrews and the Greeks) captivated the accomplishment of near eastern civilization, but they also developed a unique and distinctive viewpoint and style of thought of their own, which place them apart from the Mesopotamians and the Egyptians. By 1500 B.C., a large amount of the imaginative desire of the Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations was starting to diminish. The admission of new-fangled peoples recognized as Indo-Europeans who enthused into modern Turkey, led to the formation of a Hittite kingdom that entered into conflict with the Egyptians. On the western outer edge of the Persian Empire, another moderately undersized group of people, the Greeks, were creating artistic ideals that also had a significant impact on Western civilization. By the 8th century B.C., the city- state had turn out to be the leading focus of Greek life. Faithfulness to the polis shaped a secure society, but also separated Greece into a crowd of self-governing states. Two of them, Sparta and Athens, turn out to be mainly significant. Though both of them were very different. Sparta formed a closed, extremely closely controlled society as Athens stirred in the direction of an open, democratic civilization. (Perry. M, Chase.M, Jacob.M.C, Jacob. J.R, 2008)
In 3000 B.C., in the near east ever since the first city-states had arisen there had been an continuous movement toward the formation of bigger and better territorial states with more classy systems of control. In the first millennium B.C., this procedure reached a high point with the looks of empires that embraced the whole Near East. The Assyrians, Chaldeans, and Persians between 1000 and 500 B.C., formed empires that encompassed either large areas or the entire ancient Near East. The Assyrian Empire was the first to connect whole of the ancient Near East. Even the Great Kings of Persia had a very large empire. Even though it owed a lot to the managerial organization which were shaped by the Assyrians, it had its own unusual strengths. Persian rule was broad minded and liberal at the same time they were also well organized. The people who were under the control were permitted to maintain their own religions, customs, and methods of doing business. And this liberty of so many years that the Persian Empire brought to the Near East made trade easy and was also good for the general well-being of its peoples. It is no wonder that many Near Eastern peoples articulated their thankfulness for being subjects of the Great Kings of Persia. The activities of the Greeks created the source of Western culture. Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle laid the basics of Western philosophy. . particularly throughout their classical period, the Greeks raised and argued the basic questions concerning the intention of human survival, the arrangement of human civilization, and the character of the space that have worried Western thinkers ever since. Even as the Greek city-states were ongoing to brawl each other, to their north a latest and dominant kingdom-Macedonia-emerged in its own right. Though defeated by Macedonians, Greek culture did not pass away and under the guidance of Alexander the Great, both Macedonians and Greeks invaded and occupied the Persian Empire. In the occupied lands, Greeks and non-Greeks establish a sequence of kingdoms and inaugurated the Hellenistic era. The Hellenistic period was, a lively one. New cities arose and flourished. New theoretical thoughts were cached and locked the minds of many. Important achievements occurred in art, writing, and knowledge. Greek culture broadens all through the Near East and made a crash where on earth it was accepted. In a number of areas of the Hellenistic world, queens played a lively function in political life, and a lot of aristocracy women establish innovative avenues for expressing themselves.
The Hebrew was amongst one of these peoples who under the control of the Assyrians, Persians and Chaldeans in turn and formed no empire. Yet they left a spiritual inheritance that influenced most of the later on growth of Western civilization. The growth of Hebrew monotheism i.e. their belief in sole god) formed one of the worlds most important religion in Judaism; Not only this but it also influenced the enlargement of Islam and Christianity. While saying about the Judaeo-Christian legacy of western civilization, we pass on not only the idea or notion of monotheism, but also the thoughts of social justice, morality, law which became an important part of the western civilization. The Hebrew Bible describes the God of Israel as greater to other gods, authoritating the Israelites not to pray other gods, but only the God who brought them out of Egypt. Through the experience of Babylonian custody, the Deuteronomists developed the monotheistic concept, and it is revealed in Second Isaiah. (A Review of Western Civilization to 1550, n.d.).
The huge attainment of the Hebrew lies in the