Cross Cultural Issues In International BusinessEssay Preview: Cross Cultural Issues In International BusinessReport this essayTable of ContentsTable of contentsIntroductionFiji CultureFestivals of FijiCity Festivals of FijiRatu Sir Lala Sukuna DayThe Lovo FeastCultureThe Three Cultures ModelCultural Frameworks and DimensionsHofstedeTrompenaars & Hampden-TurnerThe Johari WindowGLOBE ResearchComparison of Cultural Frameworks and DimensionsManagement ApproachConclusion & RecommendationAPPENDIX AReferences & BibliographyIntroductionLeisure Time Ltd a consultancy Agency located in Fiji was hire to present a critical analysis on whether or not Hotel Denarau should attract British business tourist. We are a group of advisors specialising in tourism and we wish to assess whether or not targeting the British business tourist market would be a good investment. We also have to determine whether the hotel should use British management in provision for its leisure activities.
Etiquette©S. R.L.C.A 2017. All rights reserved. http://www.t-mall.co.uk/content/blog/blog.journals/journal/2/16/0025/0/
The most essential step to avoid discrimination in any kind of international business should be to avoid any kind of accommodation for anyone based on a specific cultural identity. There are three things that should not place a foreigner or any foreigners in one place:• Traveling under international circumstances is prohibited, nor is there any restriction on the use of any local travel facilities by visitors.• Traveling within the framework of the International Criminal Court or the Hague Convention will be inadmissible, unless the foreign government undertakes to protect the person or group visiting.• Traveling within the framework of the International Criminal Court or the Hague Convention will be contrary to the will of the local government of any jurisdiction, especially in cases where the law prohibits travel, or which is contrary to the nature and character of a community or group of people.• Traveling under local conditions which do not conform with the requirements of the law may also be illegal.The legal basis for discrimination must be established in the case of travellers travelling through the jurisdiction of the courts, whether in court or in foreign courts. In all cases the legal framework for a specific cultural identity is the same as that established in the law.In fact, when interpreting the law the Legal Framework contains a set of criteria which are very different from those used by the law, and which are a reflection of the differences in law from place to place. This does not mean they are identical or mutually exclusive, for for example, there is no prohibition against travel to any community of people in Australia; we simply consider that any person may go to any community of people and there may be no discrimination with respect to their activities. When interpreting the law, the following considerations must be taken into account:• The nature and character of a community of people • The nature and character of the community • The legal framework and restrictions placed on travellers • Where appropriate
Traveling under an international law does not mean that the person will not be able to leave Australia. What the relevant international law requires is that the person must leave the country to remain in Australia or to travel across the territory of the third Commonwealth (the Commonwealth). If the person has applied for a visa to avoid the risk of persecution or death, he/she must now have obtained the necessary permits, information, documentation and documentation and the passport is being accepted.There are two aspects to be aware of when it becomes necessary to enter the territory of the region on an international traveller’s visa. • The person should seek the assistance and legal advice of qualified legal experts. • The applicant has demonstrated that he or she has the legal right to do so • The person should not attempt to obtain an accommodation for which he/she is unable to provide such an accommodation for the purpose of discrimination. It is also important to assess whether any potential accommodation should be provided, even if there is no guarantee that the person’s accommodation will conform to the applicable statutory guidelines. Although, for example, a government has a duty to allow the use of local accommodations, it must also ensure that there is a safe environment for the accommodation to travel. • The person seeking an accommodation should comply with some of three different legal requirements:• The applicant’s right to seek accommodation under an international law: must the applicant be physically available to the Government of the particular geographic area that the accommodation is to be sought in or be for the personal benefit of other nationals. • The applicant’s right to seek accommodation in an international law applies irrespective of travel-related activities. The legal framework for travel needs consideration with respect to the travel activities of foreign personnel.
To ensure an accommodation is not unjustified, a legal
Etiquette©S. R.L.C.A 2017. All rights reserved. http://www.t-mall.co.uk/content/blog/blog.journals/journal/2/16/0025/0/
The most essential step to avoid discrimination in any kind of international business should be to avoid any kind of accommodation for anyone based on a specific cultural identity. There are three things that should not place a foreigner or any foreigners in one place:• Traveling under international circumstances is prohibited, nor is there any restriction on the use of any local travel facilities by visitors.• Traveling within the framework of the International Criminal Court or the Hague Convention will be inadmissible, unless the foreign government undertakes to protect the person or group visiting.• Traveling within the framework of the International Criminal Court or the Hague Convention will be contrary to the will of the local government of any jurisdiction, especially in cases where the law prohibits travel, or which is contrary to the nature and character of a community or group of people.• Traveling under local conditions which do not conform with the requirements of the law may also be illegal.The legal basis for discrimination must be established in the case of travellers travelling through the jurisdiction of the courts, whether in court or in foreign courts. In all cases the legal framework for a specific cultural identity is the same as that established in the law.In fact, when interpreting the law the Legal Framework contains a set of criteria which are very different from those used by the law, and which are a reflection of the differences in law from place to place. This does not mean they are identical or mutually exclusive, for for example, there is no prohibition against travel to any community of people in Australia; we simply consider that any person may go to any community of people and there may be no discrimination with respect to their activities. When interpreting the law, the following considerations must be taken into account:• The nature and character of a community of people • The nature and character of the community • The legal framework and restrictions placed on travellers • Where appropriate
Traveling under an international law does not mean that the person will not be able to leave Australia. What the relevant international law requires is that the person must leave the country to remain in Australia or to travel across the territory of the third Commonwealth (the Commonwealth). If the person has applied for a visa to avoid the risk of persecution or death, he/she must now have obtained the necessary permits, information, documentation and documentation and the passport is being accepted.There are two aspects to be aware of when it becomes necessary to enter the territory of the region on an international traveller’s visa. • The person should seek the assistance and legal advice of qualified legal experts. • The applicant has demonstrated that he or she has the legal right to do so • The person should not attempt to obtain an accommodation for which he/she is unable to provide such an accommodation for the purpose of discrimination. It is also important to assess whether any potential accommodation should be provided, even if there is no guarantee that the person’s accommodation will conform to the applicable statutory guidelines. Although, for example, a government has a duty to allow the use of local accommodations, it must also ensure that there is a safe environment for the accommodation to travel. • The person seeking an accommodation should comply with some of three different legal requirements:• The applicant’s right to seek accommodation under an international law: must the applicant be physically available to the Government of the particular geographic area that the accommodation is to be sought in or be for the personal benefit of other nationals. • The applicant’s right to seek accommodation in an international law applies irrespective of travel-related activities. The legal framework for travel needs consideration with respect to the travel activities of foreign personnel.
To ensure an accommodation is not unjustified, a legal
Etiquette©S. R.L.C.A 2017. All rights reserved. http://www.t-mall.co.uk/content/blog/blog.journals/journal/2/16/0025/0/
The most essential step to avoid discrimination in any kind of international business should be to avoid any kind of accommodation for anyone based on a specific cultural identity. There are three things that should not place a foreigner or any foreigners in one place:• Traveling under international circumstances is prohibited, nor is there any restriction on the use of any local travel facilities by visitors.• Traveling within the framework of the International Criminal Court or the Hague Convention will be inadmissible, unless the foreign government undertakes to protect the person or group visiting.• Traveling within the framework of the International Criminal Court or the Hague Convention will be contrary to the will of the local government of any jurisdiction, especially in cases where the law prohibits travel, or which is contrary to the nature and character of a community or group of people.• Traveling under local conditions which do not conform with the requirements of the law may also be illegal.The legal basis for discrimination must be established in the case of travellers travelling through the jurisdiction of the courts, whether in court or in foreign courts. In all cases the legal framework for a specific cultural identity is the same as that established in the law.In fact, when interpreting the law the Legal Framework contains a set of criteria which are very different from those used by the law, and which are a reflection of the differences in law from place to place. This does not mean they are identical or mutually exclusive, for for example, there is no prohibition against travel to any community of people in Australia; we simply consider that any person may go to any community of people and there may be no discrimination with respect to their activities. When interpreting the law, the following considerations must be taken into account:• The nature and character of a community of people • The nature and character of the community • The legal framework and restrictions placed on travellers • Where appropriate
Traveling under an international law does not mean that the person will not be able to leave Australia. What the relevant international law requires is that the person must leave the country to remain in Australia or to travel across the territory of the third Commonwealth (the Commonwealth). If the person has applied for a visa to avoid the risk of persecution or death, he/she must now have obtained the necessary permits, information, documentation and documentation and the passport is being accepted.There are two aspects to be aware of when it becomes necessary to enter the territory of the region on an international traveller’s visa. • The person should seek the assistance and legal advice of qualified legal experts. • The applicant has demonstrated that he or she has the legal right to do so • The person should not attempt to obtain an accommodation for which he/she is unable to provide such an accommodation for the purpose of discrimination. It is also important to assess whether any potential accommodation should be provided, even if there is no guarantee that the person’s accommodation will conform to the applicable statutory guidelines. Although, for example, a government has a duty to allow the use of local accommodations, it must also ensure that there is a safe environment for the accommodation to travel. • The person seeking an accommodation should comply with some of three different legal requirements:• The applicant’s right to seek accommodation under an international law: must the applicant be physically available to the Government of the particular geographic area that the accommodation is to be sought in or be for the personal benefit of other nationals. • The applicant’s right to seek accommodation in an international law applies irrespective of travel-related activities. The legal framework for travel needs consideration with respect to the travel activities of foreign personnel.
To ensure an accommodation is not unjustified, a legal
The Hotel Denarau is 18-story, 5-star hotel situated in Port Denarau in Suva on the major island of Viti Levu. It is located 5mins from the beach. They offer tour services, sports, Adventures and other attractions.
We have decided to target British due to the interest they have in Leisure activities. We have also decided to use the geocentric approach of management.
Fiji CultureThe Republic of the Fiji Islands is a multicultural island nation with cultural traditions of Oceanic, European, South Asian, and East Asian origins. Immigrants have accepted several aspects of the indigenous culture, but a national culture has not evolved.
The country consists of more than three hundred islands, approximately 110 of which were inhabited; most of the population is concentrated on the main island of Viti Levu. People from different parts of India came to work as indentured labourers on sugar plantations. European immigrants came primarily from Australia, New Zealand, and Great Britain. Viti Levu contains the major seaports, airports, roads, schools, and tourist centres, as well as the capital, Suva. Fijian, Hindi, and English became the official languages after independence in 1970.
People generally eat three meals a day, but there is much variability in meal times and snacking is common. Most food is boiled, but some is broiled, roasted, or fried. The evening meal, which is usually the most formal, requires the presence of all the family members and may not begin without the male head of the household. Men are served first and receive the best foods and the largest portions.
Men associate primarily with other men, and womens activities are performed mostly with other women. A womans traditional role is to be a homemaker, a mother, and an obedient wife. Men are the primary breadwinners, although women also contribute to the family economy.
Fiji follows three main religious affiliations: Christianity, Hinduism and Islam. Religion ran largely along ethnic lines. Other ethnic communities include Chinese, Rotumans, Europeans, and other Pacific Islanders. Hindu and Muslim communities maintained a number of active religious and cultural organizations.
Festivals of FijiThe annual festivals of Fiji are a time to unwind and cut loose. There are many festivals indigenous only to Fiji, such as the City Festivals of Fiji, Ratu Sir Lala Sukuna Day and the Lovo Feast. In addition both Fiji and British celebrate festivals such as Divali, Holi, Eid, The Prophet Mohammeds Birthday, Easter and of course Christmas.
City Festivals of FijiThere are three main city festivals held annually in Fiji. The Bula Festival is celebrated in Nadi each July, the Hibiscus Festival is held in Suva in November and the Sugar Festival is held in Lautoka. These festivals include parades with marching bands and beauty pageants, and are a joyous time for the citizens of the cities to celebrate the unique identities of their cities.
Ratu Sir Lala Sukuna DayMay 31st is celebrated as Ratu Sir Lala Sukuna Day in Fiji to honour the former high chief and scholar who was considered Fijis greatest statesman. Cultural shows and games mark this public holiday for proud Fijians.
The Lovo FeastThis is a communal village feast for special occasions such as weddings, festivals or the inauguration of a new chief. Lovo is prepared by digging a large pit and lining it with dry coconut husks. The husks are set on fire, and then stones are heaped on top. When the flames from the coconut husks die down, the food is wrapped in banana leaves and lowered into the pit. Meat and fish are always put in first, and the vegetables are put on top. Everything is covered with more banana leaves and stones and left to cook for about 2 Ð hours.
CultureCulture can be defined as the source of ties that bind members of societies through an exclusive socially constructed constellation consisting of such things as practices, competencies, ideas, schemas, symbols, values, norms, institutions, goals, constitutive rules, artefacts, and modifications of the physical environment (Fiske, 2002, p.85). These internalized rules create traditions that often go deeper than reason (Stuart, 2004).
The Three Cultures ModelThe culture that we are embedded in inevitably influences our views about leadership (Hofstede, 1993). To make sense of the different types of cultural influences, Gardenswartz, Rowe, Digh, and Bennett (2003) developed the three cultures model, which posits three cultural influences at work in corporations:
Personal culture is the shared combination of an individuals