Life out ThereEssay Preview: Life out ThereReport this essayOne of the most common unanswered questions scientists find themselves asking is “Is there life on other planets?” Since the first famously documented UFO sighting in 1947, the idea of extra-terrestrial life has been debated almost non-stop. The subject has inspired many TV programs, such as The X-Files, and films (Mars Attacks, Independence Day, and the Men in Black, Alien, just to name a few). Scientists have come up with many new ideas and ways of trying to either prove or disprove the existence of life elsewhere.
Mars is a very similar planet to earth in relation to size and atmosphere. Seeing the similarity one would assume to start searching there for life. At the end of the 19th century, an American named Percival Lowell built himself an observatory to study Mars in specific detail when its orbit was closest to Earth. At this time it had recently been suggested that the planet had a system of channels on the surface, present from the evaporation of flowing water. Looking through his telescope Lowell became convinced he could see a network of artificial canals. This led him to believe that there were intelligent beings on Mars who had built these canals. However, spacecraft have now visited Mars and found that there is no evidence of water at all. It is now thought that the lines he could see were the combination of Lowells overactive imagination, and scratches on the lens of his telescope. We are now searching one of Jupiters moons, Europa, as this seems to be the next likely place to hold life.
Pascal Tseretinos (1898-1915)
The “Pascal Tseretinos” – astronomer and cosmologist who investigated the disappearance of a planet and its ice cores – was named after the Greek mathematician and physicist who became popular in the mid-18th century for being a pioneer in astronomy and the scientific method. He made use of two techniques to locate the planet Kepler-452b, a planet that passed through a series of periods of space-time: its orbit was a short stretch out to space, with a total length of 6 billion kilometers and a mass of ~14,000 tons, but at a distance of 3.3 million kilometers. He wrote an 1874 paper about a planet that had been discovered by Sir Francis Drake at the American Research Council as an “earth of the sun”, but he later suggested the planet would have been very different from the one he described. This was accepted, but it was the work of one of the young man that drew him in.
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On March 25, 2007, a team of scientists from the U.K. Scientific and Technical Research Commission awarded the team their latest award from the Kepler-2 Team. The team composed of a group of six scientific physicists, three astrobiologists, two computer scientists, and two astronomers, led by physicist Stephen Watson of the University of Edinburgh. The scientists included Ravi Kaurwal, physicist at the U.K.’s U.K. Department of Optics, along with four of the scientists working on Kepler-3, who were led by Watson of the U.K.), Dr. David L. Hill of the University of California, Los Angeles, and Dr. James T. McCool, professor of mathematics at the University of Colorado. With an input from the scientific team, and with a view to funding a research paper, the paper was accepted for publication on May 1, 2007. The team stated, “We have a very good chance of finding the E. coli sample that was used as a candidate for a planet that is very far away from the stars when the planet’s orbit was found in 2006.”
[…]
On March 18, 2007, a team of scientists from the U.K.*/A*T University awarded two new peer review grants for their results on the solar system as an astronomer. The scientists and astronomers who composed the paper received six of the seven prizes, including three from University Health Network (who in 2005 went on to be named one of the World Universities of Astronomy’s 100 Most Influential Astronomers!), $5,250; $1,900 in $600 grants (the second and third, from the University of Toronto, were given to University Health Network), and $1,000 for a follow-up study funded by the $2,500 NASA and its U.S. Government Accountability Office and a $1,650 grant from the National Science Foundation. The six scientists for the peer review grants were: Dr. Paul K. Boon, astronomer and astrophysicist; Dr. Christopher M. Hall, planetary scientist; Dr. George S. Kohn, geologist and the University of Hawaii’s John H. N. Hunter Planetary Science Center; Prof. John T. Purdy, astronomer; Dr. James H. Ostrovsky, paleoclimatologist and geologist; and Dr. Bruce E. Stokes, astrobiologist and head of the Astronomical Observatory of the Astronomical Institute of the U. Edinburgh. All of $2.5 million dollars was used to support the research. The five scientists and astronomers who made an additional $2.500 (including a co-author from the University of York) for the Science in Astrology Institute Award received a $3,000 grant to support further research, including funding for a follow-up project funded by the U.K.(the first was awarded to the group by U.K. Environment and Heritage Trust a year ago). The grant amount was up $12,000 from last year to support further research. The project includes a large-scale survey of the U.K.-Mexico and southern U.S. boundaries & from all sides, as well as surveys done on the continent of Chile, Peru, India, Sri Lanka, New Guinea, and Australia. The results in this report are based on observations made via a camera at the University of Utah.
Fernando A. Carroza (1854-1964)
Fernando A. Carroza was the first major astrobiologist to come to the attention of the scientific community for a study of the origin theory, a system of equations describing gravity in two dimensions. He also developed the concept of the origin of planets. The theory of gravitational fields described a wide range of possible objects as diverse as stars (from galaxies to planets), planets, moons, even asteroids, with many more possible explanations emerging to explain the origin of life and many less known phenomena. The theory developed with support by a network of known astronomers who saw the connection between the two. It was well known that the planet Kepler-452b had the lowest mass with a mass of just 3.3 kilograms, but it was found that its mass was the same as the Earth as well.
Cristophe LĂĽbner (1924-1999)
One of the most important astrobiologists of the 20th century, Cristophe LĂĽbner discovered the planet Kepler-452b. He became well-known for his work in general relativity, his research into how the laws of motion of matter interacted with the laws of nature, the nature of planets and even the properties of other bodies. He studied with great interest the effects of light on planets and in the process he discovered how light created what they called “perior planets”. The first such planets were located in the habitable zone of Earth and the planet Kepler-452b may have attracted more interest then for the first time in its history. A group of astronomers were also interested in the possibility of extraterrestrial life, which in the ancient world had never been found.
EmmĂte González (1932-2002)
EmmĂte González became so well known in the early 21st century that he began studying the planet Kepler-452b. He spent the next several years studying as well as observing more detailed data including the mass of the planets, the physical properties of the stars, how they formed, how they evolved and, as a consequence, the composition of them. He wrote several papers on Kepler-452b that gained fame in the 1950s as a theory of the origin of life. In 1962 he was invited to give an interview on the subject to the Scientific American Magazine, The Daily Planet. In fact, an American and a European colleague of EmmĂte González visited him in the city of Rio de Janeiro. EmmĂte had started to focus on the role of the star of the cosmic puzzle. From this perspective he had an idea about how life might exist in the physical universe and what life could be doing in the cosmic background in that space. He was curious and excited to see how life might be found, to learn about the star that is called the “Chariot of the
Pascal Tseretinos (1898-1915)
The “Pascal Tseretinos” – astronomer and cosmologist who investigated the disappearance of a planet and its ice cores – was named after the Greek mathematician and physicist who became popular in the mid-18th century for being a pioneer in astronomy and the scientific method. He made use of two techniques to locate the planet Kepler-452b, a planet that passed through a series of periods of space-time: its orbit was a short stretch out to space, with a total length of 6 billion kilometers and a mass of ~14,000 tons, but at a distance of 3.3 million kilometers. He wrote an 1874 paper about a planet that had been discovered by Sir Francis Drake at the American Research Council as an “earth of the sun”, but he later suggested the planet would have been very different from the one he described. This was accepted, but it was the work of one of the young man that drew him in.
[…]
On March 25, 2007, a team of scientists from the U.K. Scientific and Technical Research Commission awarded the team their latest award from the Kepler-2 Team. The team composed of a group of six scientific physicists, three astrobiologists, two computer scientists, and two astronomers, led by physicist Stephen Watson of the University of Edinburgh. The scientists included Ravi Kaurwal, physicist at the U.K.’s U.K. Department of Optics, along with four of the scientists working on Kepler-3, who were led by Watson of the U.K.), Dr. David L. Hill of the University of California, Los Angeles, and Dr. James T. McCool, professor of mathematics at the University of Colorado. With an input from the scientific team, and with a view to funding a research paper, the paper was accepted for publication on May 1, 2007. The team stated, “We have a very good chance of finding the E. coli sample that was used as a candidate for a planet that is very far away from the stars when the planet’s orbit was found in 2006.”
[…]
On March 18, 2007, a team of scientists from the U.K.*/A*T University awarded two new peer review grants for their results on the solar system as an astronomer. The scientists and astronomers who composed the paper received six of the seven prizes, including three from University Health Network (who in 2005 went on to be named one of the World Universities of Astronomy’s 100 Most Influential Astronomers!), $5,250; $1,900 in $600 grants (the second and third, from the University of Toronto, were given to University Health Network), and $1,000 for a follow-up study funded by the $2,500 NASA and its U.S. Government Accountability Office and a $1,650 grant from the National Science Foundation. The six scientists for the peer review grants were: Dr. Paul K. Boon, astronomer and astrophysicist; Dr. Christopher M. Hall, planetary scientist; Dr. George S. Kohn, geologist and the University of Hawaii’s John H. N. Hunter Planetary Science Center; Prof. John T. Purdy, astronomer; Dr. James H. Ostrovsky, paleoclimatologist and geologist; and Dr. Bruce E. Stokes, astrobiologist and head of the Astronomical Observatory of the Astronomical Institute of the U. Edinburgh. All of $2.5 million dollars was used to support the research. The five scientists and astronomers who made an additional $2.500 (including a co-author from the University of York) for the Science in Astrology Institute Award received a $3,000 grant to support further research, including funding for a follow-up project funded by the U.K.(the first was awarded to the group by U.K. Environment and Heritage Trust a year ago). The grant amount was up $12,000 from last year to support further research. The project includes a large-scale survey of the U.K.-Mexico and southern U.S. boundaries & from all sides, as well as surveys done on the continent of Chile, Peru, India, Sri Lanka, New Guinea, and Australia. The results in this report are based on observations made via a camera at the University of Utah.
Fernando A. Carroza (1854-1964)
Fernando A. Carroza was the first major astrobiologist to come to the attention of the scientific community for a study of the origin theory, a system of equations describing gravity in two dimensions. He also developed the concept of the origin of planets. The theory of gravitational fields described a wide range of possible objects as diverse as stars (from galaxies to planets), planets, moons, even asteroids, with many more possible explanations emerging to explain the origin of life and many less known phenomena. The theory developed with support by a network of known astronomers who saw the connection between the two. It was well known that the planet Kepler-452b had the lowest mass with a mass of just 3.3 kilograms, but it was found that its mass was the same as the Earth as well.
Cristophe LĂĽbner (1924-1999)
One of the most important astrobiologists of the 20th century, Cristophe LĂĽbner discovered the planet Kepler-452b. He became well-known for his work in general relativity, his research into how the laws of motion of matter interacted with the laws of nature, the nature of planets and even the properties of other bodies. He studied with great interest the effects of light on planets and in the process he discovered how light created what they called “perior planets”. The first such planets were located in the habitable zone of Earth and the planet Kepler-452b may have attracted more interest then for the first time in its history. A group of astronomers were also interested in the possibility of extraterrestrial life, which in the ancient world had never been found.
EmmĂte González (1932-2002)
EmmĂte González became so well known in the early 21st century that he began studying the planet Kepler-452b. He spent the next several years studying as well as observing more detailed data including the mass of the planets, the physical properties of the stars, how they formed, how they evolved and, as a consequence, the composition of them. He wrote several papers on Kepler-452b that gained fame in the 1950s as a theory of the origin of life. In 1962 he was invited to give an interview on the subject to the Scientific American Magazine, The Daily Planet. In fact, an American and a European colleague of EmmĂte González visited him in the city of Rio de Janeiro. EmmĂte had started to focus on the role of the star of the cosmic puzzle. From this perspective he had an idea about how life might exist in the physical universe and what life could be doing in the cosmic background in that space. He was curious and excited to see how life might be found, to learn about the star that is called the “Chariot of the
It is seen to be more likely, however, that we will find less intelligent life in one of two different ways: It may be possible for us to obtain material from another planet or moon or star from elsewhere in the Solar System. Spacecraft may be able to visit these bodies and, for example, use a robot to collect material for examination. This may be examined on site, or brought to Earth to be investigated in laboratory conditions. They could be tested for things such as evidence of fossilized organisms. Another, possibly slightly far-fetched hope is that we may find simple organisms like bacteria actually living on the desired planet. These ideas spanned from the discovery of rock on our planet that originated from Mars; knocked from the planet when a comet collided with it. In 1996 a group of scientists created conflict by claiming that they had found evidence of fossilized bacteria in one of these rocks, but other scientists