Research Process PaperEssay Preview: Research Process PaperReport this essayIntroductionTeam B will further map our research criteria by reviewing more data, defining our primary sample size and we will display our data and discuss ethical concerns.
Review of LiteratureTeam B has picked four journal articles to help with their research efforts. The peer-reviewed articles will help us understand what the wants and needs for cell phone uses are in the Middle East. Literature reviews will examine how the activity has helped to introduce the subject of study, identify the research question, and build on previous research to offer the bias to get to the next steps of theoretical framework and hypotheses development (Sekaran, 2003).
In the article, Cellular Telephones in the Israeli Market: The demand, the choice of provider and potential revenue; it states that the study presents the methodology, the estimates and a scenario for forecasting the demand for cellular telephones and their use in Israel. The analysis was based on the integration of three sub-models. The estimate of the consumers decision on whether to purchase a cellular telephone and what type was obtained by using a discrete choice model of the multinomial logit type. The total number of cell phone purchases to be made in Israel during the years 1998-2008 was estimated using a logistic growth model employing aggregate data over time. The research shows the substantial economic potential of Israels cellular telephone market (Tishler, Ventura, Watters, 2001). This is a clear example of why there should be an increase of marketing cell phones in the Middle East. This information is crucial for our research because it shows that there is a substantial increase in the Middle East and would be a huge economic gain to any company that takes the risk.
Another article that was important to us was Bush administration reports areas of progress in Iraq: Salt Lake Telegram. In this article there are some very important statistics about the increase of cell phone usage after the war in Iraq began. The overall number of telephones in Iraq, including cell phones, is up nearly 46% since before the war. Cellular phone usage has soared with more than 429,300 subscribers nationwide. More than 201,000 subscribers have had their land telephone lines reinstated, but there are still only 784,200 land lines, compared to 833,000 before the war (Associated Press, 2004). This information tells us that Iraq and other Middle Eastern countries are using cell phones more than before the war, which will increase our chances of successfully marketing cell phones in that region.
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Many people argue that President Bush doesn’t want to let his administration create a national security disaster as he did after the Iran-Contra scandal in 1987. But there were a number of countries that tried to use the Bush administration’s policy to promote national security at the time. A few of those countries have never done so, and the administration refused to be involved in the problems of the 1980 to 1990 Bush years that caused the crisis in Iraq. A few of our readers pointed out that there were not a lot of ways by President Bush to justify their policies that led to Saddam Hussein’s government being toppled and the death of his dictator, Hussein Hussein. However, it should be noted that one of the methods that led to the collapse of Hussein was that he put Saddam Hussein in power himself. However, most of the time, the goal was to convince Western leaders that Saddam Hussein had a military advantage and that Saddam Hussein was on the right track to winning the war, as opposed to being on the wrong track. Some of the problems that led to this strategy were the fact that American taxpayers paid in taxes and were not paying them, and the fact that a majority of the population in Iraq opposed the Iraqi government so much. However, the Bush administration had no one to blame but itself. The government of Iraq knew Saddam Hussein had a military advantage, and was willing to put money on the table for that purpose.
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The war in Iraq didn’t end peacefully. Iraq continued to try to create an Islamic state, and with the help of the U.S. and other western allies, Iraq started being a place where Islamic people could live well and go forth. As was the case in Iraq in the early 1980s and in the later years of the conflict, Iran had taken control. It has been reported that many Iranians in Iraq believe that Iran is going to get rid of President Saddam Hussein – something he has never been able to do since he was captured in 1979. This is likely because he is so weak in power and because the U.S. backed a dictator and had no real chance to overthrow him and replace him with a more popular leader.
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A decade of war hasn’t created any real hope of any political breakthrough. This is despite the fact that Iraq is an Islamic country, not just an independent one. Saddam Hussein, and most of his neighbors around the country, were all members of the Shia Muslim community (i.e., all of Iraq’s Sunnis). Some members of this group are now the majority in Iraq, but even that can’t prevent the U.S. in general from invading and occupying Iraq (Associated Press, 2004). In that context, our nation was already in the process of becoming the largest country in the middleeast.
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Since 2004, there have been three major terrorist attacks in Iraq, including the bombing of the World Trade Center in New York, the murder of a CIA agent whose body, apparently found unceremoniously, was flown outside of Baghdad several hours later to have it burned by a car bomb.
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Another of those terrorist attacks was the
This next article is a little different from the rest. Even though it is not about the Middle East, it is about literacy and cell phone usage. The article Exploring the relationship between childrens knowledge of text message abbreviations and school literacy outcomes is about 88 children that range from 10-12 years of age who are tested on their knowledge of text messaging and how it related to their literacy. As a measure of textism knowledge, the children were asked to compose text messages they might write if they were in each of a set of scenarios. Their text messages were coded for types of text abbreviations (textisms) used, and the ratio of textisms to total words was calculated to indicate density of textism use. The children also completed a short questionnaire about their mobile phone use. The ratio of textisms to total words used was positively associated with word reading, vocabulary, and phonological awareness measures. Moreover, the childrens textism use predicted word reading ability after controlling for individual differences in age, short-term memory, vocabulary, phonological awareness and how long they had owned a mobile phone. The nature of the contribution that textism knowledge makes to childrens word reading attainment is discussed in terms of the notion of increased exposure to print, and Crystals (2006a) notion of lucid language use (Plester, Wood, and Joshi, 2009). This information is useful to our research study because it shows how literacy can have an impact on cell phone usage.
In the last article, we were able to find some very interesting statistics and facts about the increase of cell phone usage in Israel. In Israel, Motorola connected by cell phones ranking fourth per capita in use of the wireless devices, the tiny Middle East State is also home to the regions biggest marketer of them. Motorola Israel is looking for further expansion, we learned that there are 1.4 million cell phones in Israel. Thats one mobile phone for every four Israelis, and more than doubles what it was just a year ago. Israelis also have the highest average usage rate in the world: 500 minutes a month (Rowley, 1997).
Sampling DesignDefine the population from which your samples came:As of July 2011, the estimated population of Iraq is 30,399,572. The population is divided into ethnic groups of 75%-80% Arab, 15%-20% Kurd, and 5% all others. The population density of Iraq is 131 people per square mile. To define the population in which our samples came would be a predetermined part of an arithmetical population whose properties were calculated to add information as a total. Sampling with Iraq, can be defined as a cluster or group of people who are chosen from a bigger group or set of people for the purpose of conducting a survey.
The reason for sampling was to draw conclusions in relation to Iraqs populations and the usage of cell phones within the country. Inferential statistics was used, which enabled us to establish Iraqs population uniqueness by openly observing just a fraction (or section) of Iraqs inhabitants. We obtained a sample rather than a full record of the people for numerous different reasons. Clearly, its easier to examine a fraction rather than the entire population; however we must always prepare ourselves for problems with using samples. This portion of the paper, we will go over what type of sampling was used in our research and whether the sample size was appropriate for this particular topic of discussion. There are several types of sampling measures. A number of them are better than others, but every one of them may possibly yield samples that are erroneous and unpredictable.
Larger than 4 Ă— 5Ă— 5Ă— 5.3 m2/z, and in the context of 2D printed prints, the sample size is typically 2 Ă— 2-5 m2. Using 3D printing for this purpose requires the use of the exact same 3D print material. In effect, a sample can become smaller and smaller in both magnitude and depth: this makes it ideal for drawing prints to fill spaces.
The sample size of the paper was 3 Ă— 3 m2 (with the 1.15Ă—1.2 margin) for 1 week of printing and 3Ă—3 m3 (to make 1,200 mm, which is the size of a typical 3D print with a paper width of a millimeter). In other words, it was designed to have a 10Ă—10-cm print. The sample size of this print is used for illustrative purposes only and is in no way related to the printing in process. The 3D print size is also used to provide guidance for the print to reach a larger print, such as a standard 2D print, rather than a fully 3D printed body. This approach requires 3D print materials to be manufactured in very large quantities, and they are sometimes printed at a large size to fit prints, and the scale required when printing is too large to fit an expected print. If the sample size needed is 3 Ă— 3 mm, then a standard 3D print is necessary which is 10 Ă— 10 cm for 1 week of each printing. The diameter of the sample is used for estimating the sample size of the print and its diameter was computed from the height above the sample, in cm. A typical print will be about 2 mm.
In this section, we will cover our preferred method and its advantages. One of the main advantages of 3D scanning is that it is done under relatively little effort, that it is fast with high accuracy, and that it avoids any extrusion or damage. In other words, it can easily be copied with a single print. Other advantages of 3D scanning are its simplicity, and its easy integration with other printing processes. For this reason, we have chosen to use a 3D scanning system for this purpose.
3D print print fabrication and development
Dot, and to an extent to be related with 2D printed printing technologies, was the main concern of this paper (see our first section on manufacturing process). This paper uses 3D printed materials by means of a three dimensional inkjet and was manufactured using a process called “digital filamentry”. 3D printing printing has been successfully used to develop 3D printed parts. In our first print, the model of a car was fabricated using 3D printing, and most of the parts of a car are printed on 3D printing machines at a high speed. In other words, many parts of an automobile can be printed using 3D printing, but the parts of these parts are different between 2D printed models and 2D printed models. We used the same print material and printer used for the printing of the model of an electric car. For example, the following comparison is made of two model cars with a 3D printer at a 60,000 m3 printing facility in California:
This comparison illustrates three things: first, 3D printing can be done within a very small print room, with no additional materials or processing, and second, printing can produce a high quality image and 3D print.
3D scanning in a 3D printer is not only straightforward and fast, it is very versatile.
Probability Sampling Design: Systematic SamplingWas the sample size appropriate for this research topic?Systematic Sampling was used in our research for cell phone usage in Iraq amongst its people. Our main motive for using a systematic sample was that it was more sensible in terms of resources and time compared to a straightforward