Essay About Brief History And Xenix Operating System

Hacking
Essay title: Hacking
In the following file, all references made to the name Unix, may also be
substituted to the Xenix operating system.
Brief history: Back in the early sixties, during the development of third
generation computers at MIT, a group of programmers studying the potential of
computers, discovered their ability of performing two or more tasks
simultaneously. Bell Labs, taking notice of this discovery, provided funds for
their developmental scientists to investigate into this new frontier. After
about 2 years of developmental research, they produced an operating system they
called “Unix”.
Sixties to Current: During this time Bell Systems installed the Unix system
to provide their computer operators with the ability to multitask so that they
could become more productive, and efficient. One of the systems they put on the
Unix system was called “Elmos”. Through Elmos many tasks (i.e. billing,and
installation records) could be done by many people using the same mainframe.
Note: Cosmos is accessed through the Elmos system.
Current: Today, with the development of micro computers, such multitasking
can be achieved by a scaled down version of Unix (but just as powerful).
Microsoft,seeing this development, opted to develop their own Unix like system
for the IBM line of PC/XTs. Their result they called Xenix (pronounced
zee-nicks). Both Unix and Xenix can be easily installed on IBM PCs and offer
the same functions (just 2 different vendors).
Note: Due to the many different versions of Unix (Berkley Unix, Bell System
III, and System V the most popular) many commands following may/may not work. I
have written them in System V routines. Unix/Xenix operating systems will be
considered identical systems below.
How to tell if/if not you are on a Unix system: Unix systems are quite common
systems across the country. Their security appears as such:
Login; (or login;)
password:
When hacking on a Unix system it is best to use lowercase because the Unix
system commands are all done in lower- case.
Login; is a 1-8 character field. It is usually the name (i.e. joe or fred)
of the user, or initials (i.e. j.jones or f.wilson). Hints for login names can
be found trashing the location of the dial-up (use your CN/A to find where the
computer is).
Password: is a 1-8 character password assigned by the sysop or chosen by the
user.
Common default logins
login; Password:
root root,system,etc..
sys sys,system
daemon daemon
uucp uucp
tty tty
test test
unix unix
bin bin
adm adm
who who
learn learn
uuhost uuhost
nuucp nuucp
If you guess a login name and you are not asked for a password, and have
accessed