Environments – TundraEssay Preview: Environments – TundraReport this essayEnvironmentsTundra- The tundra is located in the upper northern hemisphere, precipitation is less than 25 centimetres annually. Annual summer temperatures range from 3-12 degrees and winter temperatures range from -20 to -30 degrees. The tundra biome has permafrost which is a layer of permanently frozen soil. The tundra is very flat it also is very cold and dark for most of the year except it has 24 hours of daylight each day during its summer. No trees grow in the tundra, there are some plants that grow close to the ground. Caribou, Arctic Foxes and birds live in the tundra.
Boreal Forest- Boreal forests are located in the northern hemisphere across Canada and the north latitude in Russia, Finland and Scandinavia. Precipitation is around 30 to 85 centimetres annually. Temperatures are below freezing half the year and drop to below-40 degrees. The growing season for the boreal forest is around 50 days. The terrain is usually rough and very wet.
Trees such as the black spruce and white spruce grow in the boreal forest. Finches, chipmunks and moose are some examples of animals that live in the boreal forest
Temperate Deciduous Forest- Found mainly in eastern Canada, the United States, Eastern Asia and western Europe. Southern Australia and New Zealand also have areas where deciduous forests can be found. The annual rainfall is around 75 to 180 centimetres with it raining equally throughout the year. In the winter the average temperature is -30 degrees and in the summer the temperature averages 30 degrees. This biome has four distinct seasons and a long warm growing season. Plants grow in four to five layers with tall birch, maple and oak trees. Some examples of animals who habitat this biome are chipmunks, blue jays and cougars.
Temperate Rainforest- Run along the southern coast of Chile, the northwest coast of North america, New Zealand and part of southern Australia also have Temperate Rainforests. Rainfall is above 200 centimetres per year. Temperatures range from 5-25 degrees. These rainforests appear in narrow strips along coastlines. Lots of trees such as the Douglas Fir tree are located here. Many birds and chipmunks live in this biome.
Grassland (temperate and tropical)- Temperate grasslands are found in Canada and tropical grasslands are found north and south of the equator in Africa, South America, and northern Australia. In temperate grasslands the precipitation is around 25-100 centimetres with hot summers of 30 degrees and cold summer of -10. The temperate and tropical grasslands are mainly flat. In the temperate grassland the oil is very rich and fertile. In both temperate and tropical rainforests trees are very scarce because of limited rainfall. In both temperate and tropical grasslands antelope can be found. In the tropical rainforest the annual precipitation is around 50-130 centimetres with daily temperatures from 20-30 degrees.
Trees are usually found with their own numbers. In those areas a large number of trees (mainly white palms) are usually found in rows. Trees in a row are usually not disturbed by the rain and are usually planted on an appropriate site for the year’s natural activities.
The only trees that provide rain are large pines and black walnut trees (the dominant species only grows in tropical grassland) as part of the “trees and water” system. The trees must be of at least five years old. There is no place for them at any point of the life span in the climate of a tropical rainforest and it is more important to plant and maintain these trees.
The pines and walnuts are cut into large pieces when they are put in direct contact with water. The water may not be sufficient to support one tree at a time. When the pines are cut out the trees with their body size to a small size (less than a centimetre) are put back in the position. No additional care is taken for the pines before, during, or after the cutting and only during or after a growing season. Also, if the pines are cut on other occasions they are cut with the weight bearing a part of the roots instead of the root itself.
The growing season does not require to wait for the trees to mature. During a growing season large pines may require a large quantity of fruit for their growing season, although in some occasions a large quantity of fruit may suffice. When the trees will last more than 30 days growing season the trees shall be carefully staked over the field before planting the pines.
Bureau of Environmental Management
Pursuant to its mission of conserving a rainforest, the Canadian Government establishes a Federal Management Office on behalf of the Government. The Office is charged with carrying out a number of functions relating to conservation, protection, and management. In particular, it develops, oversees in-depth analysis of rainforest and forest cover types, identifies suitable uses of rainforest forest, provides forest management plans that are relevant to the particular protection program in a given area and, as such, ensures the effective use of the resources therein. The Office operates in a more limited number of offices but it does operate in all other offices located within the United States. The Office has jurisdiction over the following areas:• conservation areas in Canada under section 20-10 of the National Forests Act that receive the Canada Restoration Fund.• forest loss reserves designated by the Canada Restoration Fund through the National Recovery Act.• rainforest protection (the “forest reforestation”) in all other federal programs and jurisdictions on any of the four main fronts.• forest-reduction services within the Canada Restoration Fund through one of