Whicis the Moh of the Following St Common Symptom of Myocardial Infarction?
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11. Whicis the moh of the following st common symptom of myocardial infarction? a. Chest pain b. Dyspnea c. Edema d. Palpitations The most common symptom of an MI is chest pain, resulting from deprivation of oxyndm, related to an mogen tst coo the heart. Dmmon sympytospnea is the secoincrease in the metabolic needs of the body. Edema is a later sign of during an MIheart failure, often seen after an MI. Palpitations may result from reduced cardiac output, producing arrhythmias. 12. Which of the following landmarks is the corect one for obtaining an apical pulse? a. Left intercostal space, midaxillary line b. Left fifth intercostal space, midclavicular line c. Left second intercostal space, midclavicular line d. Left seventh intercostal space, midclavicular line The correct landmarpulse is the left intercostal space in the k for obtaining an apical midclavicular line. This is the poiand the location of the left nt of maximum impulse ventricular apecond intercostal space in the midclavicular line is where x. The left sethe pulmonic sounds are auscultated. Normally, heart sounds arent heard in the midaxillary line or the seventh intercostal space in the midclavicular line. 13. Whicems is the most likely origin of pain the client describes h of the following systas knifelike chest pain that increases in intensity with inspiration? a. Cardiac b. Gastrointestinal c. Musculoskeletal d. Pulmonary Pulmthese symptoms. Musculoskeletal pain only onary pain is generally described by increase with movement. Cardi ac and GI pains dont change with respiration. 14. A mintercostal space along the left sternal borurmur is heard at the second left der. Which valve area is this? a. Aortic b. Mitral c. Pulmonic d. Tricuspid Abnormalities of the pulmonic valve are auscultated at the second left intercostal space along the left sternal borlve abnormalities are heard at the second der. Aortic vaintercostal space, to the right of the sternum. Mitral valve abnormalities are heard at the fifth intercostal space in the midclavicular line. Tricuspid valve abnormalities are heard at thurth intercostal spaces along the sternal bor e third and fo der. 15. Which of the following blood tests is most indicative of cardiac damage? a. Lactate dehydrogenase b. Complete blood count c. Trop onin Id. Creatine kinase Troponin Iy and are detectable within 1 hour of myocar levels rise rapidldial injury. Troponin Iople without carc injury. Lactate levels arent detectable in pediadehy tissues and not specific to heart muscle. drogenase is present in almost all bodyLDH isoenzymes are useful in diagnosing cardiac injury. CBC is obtained to review blood ctained to review electrolytes. Because CK ounts, and a complete chemistry is ob
levles may rise with skeletal muscle injury, CK isoenzymes are required to detect cardiac injury. 16. What is the priming morphine to a client with mary reason for admyocardial inisterinfarction? a. To sedate the client b. To decrease the clients pain c. To decrease the clients anxiety d. To decrease oxygen dema nd on the clients heart Morphine is administered because it decreases myocardial oxyn demand. Morphine gewill also decrease pain and anxiety while causing sedation, but isnt primarily given for those reasons. 17. Whicst commonly responsible for mh of the followng conditions is myocardial oinfarction? a. Aneurysm b. Heart failure c. Coronary artery thrombosis d. Renal failure Coronary artery thrombosis ry, leading to myocardial causes occlusion of the artedeath. An aneof a vessel and doesnt cauurysm is an outpouchinse an MI. Reng al failure can be associated with MI Heart failure is usually the but isnt a direct cause.result of an MI. 18. What supplem frequently ordered in cental monjuction wiedication is mth ostfurosemide (Lasix)? a. Chloride b. Digoxin c. Potassium d. Sodium Sumide becpplemeanutal potse of the potassium losassium is given with furoses that occurs as a result of this diuretic. Chloride and sodium aren’t loss during diuresis. Digoxin acts to increase contractility but isn’t given routinely with furosemide. 19. After myocardial infarction, serum glucose levels and free fatty acids are both increase. What type of physiologic changes are these? a. Electrophysiologic b. Hematologic c. Mechanical d. Metabolic Both glucose and fatty acids are metabolites whose levels increase after a myocardial infarction. Mechanical changes are those that affect the pumping action of the heart, and electro physiologic changes affect conduction. Hematologic changes would affect the blood.20. Which of the following complications is indicated by a third heart sound (S3)? a. Ventricular dilation b. Systemic hypertension c. Aortic valve malfunction d. Increased atrial contractions Rapid filling of the ventricles caauscultated as S3. Increased uses vasodilation that is