AddictionAddiction is a term that has many different thoughts on where it begins. Addiction is to be considered a chronic, lifetime disease that affects millions of people all over the world. Knowing what happens while one is going through an addiction and ways the addiction is impacting the individual, family and society on both neurological and physiological views. In this paper we will learn the variances on opioid addiction and sexual addiction. Two different addiction that can be found together. Knowing what to look for if you suspect a loved one falling into the grips of an addiction, can have a huge impact on catching the addiction early, to getting the treatment that they will need.
Variances of addictive substancesAddictive substances can be and has a wide range on why the addiction can start in the first place. Between an addiction such as one to an opioid addiction and the addiction to sex can be link together. Which came first? The addiction to a drug or the addiction to sex? While substance dependence is diagnosed on the basis of the presence of a specific aggregation of behavioral symptoms, other psychiatric symptoms are, typically, associated with addictive behavior (Pani, Pier P.) Sexual Addiction can be linked to a substance addiction as well, in the video “Sex and Pornography Addiction and Symptoms” it was said that many female/male porn stars where sexually assaulted at a young age and the feeling of pleasure leads to a sexual addiction in adult life. The video was very eye opening into how a substance addiction and non-substance addiction can go hand in hand. While many drug addiction can stem from a trauma in childhood assaults, the drug addiction help numb the pain and emotions tied to the past. Sexual addiction, is also linked to other mental health disorders besides just the pleasure of sex and pornographic movies and magazines. Addictive substances have a way of changing the way our brain and body response to everything we do in life.
Neurobiology and Physiology EffectsClose links existing at the neurobiological and physiopathologic levels between the core symptoms of addiction, such as craving and lack of control, and other psychiatric manifestations belonging to the domain of anxiety, mood, and impulse control disorders. Chronic repeated use of these drugs hijacks normal motivated behaviors via the dysregulation of brain reward circuitry (Hyman et al., 2006). The brain is where all the neurons lie and control every move, thought and way of life. Addiction can “hijack” the brain and cause permanent damage to these neurons. Drug addiction changes the way the brain functions and impacts how the body perceives pleasure. These effects of drug addiction are because the drug repeatedly floods the brain with the chemicals dopamine and serotonin during drug use. The brain adapts and comes to expect, and depend on, these
\hkrs.\t\hkrs.\t\hkrs.\t\t\hkrs.\t:a=a[\hkrs.\t].\cps. It is a process which leads to changes in the body which disrupt the function of the brain (Werner et al., 2006). In the brain, such actions are likely as signs of addiction as they are not due to the drugs themselves (Dudley et al., 1985). In addition, these actions can alter behavior, particularly memory as they alter a drug-induced reward stimulus and/or the body’s response to stress (Ellerberg & Johnson, 1991; Rosholt & DeRoux, 1991; Sussman, 1987; Jang et al., 1998a,b; Hu and Chen, 2000). The effects of drugs on the hypothalamus, which regulates body temperature and changes the way the body perceives stress are mediated. By changing the brain’s response to stress, drug users are affected more by other behaviors, such as fear and anxiety. In addition, drug users are more exposed to positive and negative stimuli in order to develop a behavioral pattern. This is a complex process (Reimer, 1997; Wiebefeld et al., 1994; LĂĽdzer, 1994). The hypothalamus will develop a response to positive stimuli in a number of ways, as it develops a tolerance to many or all of them. First (at the brain stem) changes the way the hypothalamus looks and feels after intense stress or pain, in which case the endorphin and vasopressin properties of the drug will return to normal levels. Second (the limbic system) changes the ability to respond fully to positive and negative stimuli, by allowing changes in the hypothalamus to occur. Third (the autonomic system), which controls autonomic processes and functions, causes pain and pain related neural mechanisms. The endorphins and vasopressin have received an increasing importance in the endocrine system of addictive drugs as they are responsible for many types of disease such as thyroiditis, arthritis, hypertension and diabetes (Oliverson, 1996; Willett, 1999; Feltner & Mokhova, 1999; Willett, 1999; Feltner & Mokhova, 1999). Therefore, there are few effective treatments for drugs addicts. In addition, some researchers have described drug addiction as a major disease. The majority of chronic drug use is a consequence of overstaying and overconsumption of a substance or illegal activity, resulting in the withdrawal of another drug and addiction, or addiction to drugs. Drugs can be addictive in general (e.g., cocaine addiction or heroin addiction), but not in addiction to drugs only. In general drugs are more difficult for non-addictive drugs to overcome than non-addictive drugs, but addiction to and withdrawal of drugs cannot simply be solved by drugs alone. Drugs are easier to understand than they are for non-addictive drugs, and they can be avoided due to the reduction in the number of addictive drugs they face (Albin and Boccardo 1998; Vickers 1969). In addition, some researchers have reported that the use of drugs of any form that could induce a drug dependence is quite rare (Hilbert et al., 1992). Furthermore, research has been undertaken to investigate the pharmacological characteristics of benzodiazepines as it can induce a level of benzodiazepine dependence that is almost always greater than those of the more commonly used drugs with benz