Hammurabi
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In his position as King of Babylonia, Hammurabi managed to organize the worlds first code of laws and establish Babylon as the dominant and successful Amorite city of its time. “Records written on clay tablets show that Hammurabi was a very capable administrator and a successful warrior. His rule spanned from 1792 BC to 1750 BC When he became king in 1792, he was still young, but had already become entrusted with many official duties in his administration”(Grolier). In the early years of his reign, Hammurabi mostly participated in traditional activities, such as repairing buildings, digging canals, and fighting wars. Yet later in his rule, Hammurabi organized a unique code of laws, the first of its kind, therefore making himself one of the worlds most influential leaders.
Hammurabi was primarily influential to the world because of his code of laws. This code consisted of 282 provisions, systematically arranged under a variety of subjects. “The law code itself includedÐlegal provisions concerning commercial, social, domestic, and moral life” (pw1.netcom.com). He sorted his laws into groups such as family, labor, personal property, real estate, trade, and business. This was the first time in history that any laws had been categorized into various sections. Even though “Hammurabis code was harsher for upper-class offenders” (pw1.netcom.com) it proved itself to be a stepping-stone for other developing governments. This format of organization was emulated by civilizations of the future. For example, Semitic cultures succeeding Hammurabis rule used some of the same laws that were included in Hammurabis code. Hammurabis method of thought is evident in present-day societies, which are influenced by his code. Modern governments currently create specific laws, which are placed into their appropriate family of similar laws. Hammurabi had his laws recorded upon an eight-foot high black stone monument. Hammurabi based his code on principles like, the strong should not injure the weak, and that punishment should fit the crime. As for punishment, “legal actions were initiated under the code by written pleadings; testimony was taken under oath. The code was severe in its penalties, prescribing Ðan eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”(Grolier). This code of laws could be maintained by invoking the authority of the gods and the state. Although the punishments were different than those of today, the authority of the state (government) is similar. Currently, punishments are issued through the states law enforcement system, comparable to the way punishment was determined and enforced in ancient Babylon. In the code, crimes punishable by death required a trial in front of a bench of judges. Included in these crimes were bigamy, incest, kidnapping, adultery and theft. There were also laws similar