Lotus Rental Car CfoEssay Preview: Lotus Rental Car CfoReport this essayDefining Childhood Obesity and its Impact on ChildrenThe key to defining obesity levels is the issue of how we should define childhood obesity. Three different classification systems are commonly used; each uses a version of the Body Mass Index (BMI). BMI is calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by the square of persons height in meters. Evidence shows childhood obesity to be associated with depression, especially among the very obese. Overall self-esteem is lowered and the cost to peer interactions is also noted in social network analysis. Recent research has shown 58 % of children with a BMI above the 95th percentile have hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or insulin resistance. Twenty five percent have two or more of these (Rudolf, 2004).
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Key To defining childhood obesity
Positivism of Obesity in Childhood [ edit ]
Positivists say that obesity is the result of a combination of genetics, the environmental and societal factors, and cultural preferences. They point to the widespread prevalence of foods high in fat (cheese, potatoes) and low in fiber. These foods have been shown to decrease appetite and physical activity.
In terms of childhood obesity, a number of factors influence the onset and magnitude of changes in body weight and height. First is environmental factors such as indoor and outdoor temperatures that affect the body’s ability to maintain healthy tissue mass. Second is the lifestyle associated with these factors. Third is physical activity associated with increases in the risk of some cancers, including breast cancer, colon incontinence, and pancreatic cancer.
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Physical activity is associated with a more body fat mass. When participants participate in intense physical activity, the body converts excess or excess energy to heat by burning fat through the eyes, skin, and muscles. There’s even evidence that some individuals lose energy in excess so that their body can be burned more often.
There’s also evidence for the effects of physical activity on hormonal markers such as triglycerides. Studies on obese people show no significant association between physical activity and heart disease and coronary heart disease. However, the effect of exercise on circulating levels of both cholesterol and triglycerides were evaluated in a crosssectional study done in a number of studies.
Body Fat Count [ edit ]
Some claim a healthy and weight free body for each individual, and for every body type. Others state that obesity results from a lack of healthy weight or a lack of exercise.
Some people claim to lose weight as soon as they experience a physical change. However, it cannot be ruled out that some people should be physically active at all times before beginning an effort.
Obesity is often defined as excess body fat mass. In a recent study, overweight people were asked to estimate their age at most or least the percentage of their lean body mass relative to bodyfat. For people with a BMI >30, the difference between bodyfat and body fat percentage was 10% over their 20’s. The rate of excess body fat that is observed is considered excessive. This includes increased fat mass. It differs by body shape and size.
People who are obese are called “unhealthy weight,” with a weight-loss hormone or “fat mass effect.”
Consequences for adults and adolescents [ edit ]
In most cultures, some adults and adolescents are unhealthy in that they are overweight or obese. They may also exhibit physical health problems such as weight gain or type 2 diabetes, as well as being under stress if they lose mass faster than others (Chong, 2005; Haines et al., 2006; Yaffe et al., 2008). There’s evidence that older adults are less likely to experience problems with food storage.
As well, adults appear to have lower cognitive function, a lack of sensitivity to external stimuli in their environment, and greater susceptibility to depression than adolescent males. In a recent study, the effects of the effects of the three
Child and Adolescent Food and Nutrition ProgramsAll children and adolescents, regardless of age, sex, socioeconomic status, racial diversity, ethnic diversity, linguistic diversity, or health status, should have access to food and nutrition programs that ensure the availability of a safe and adequate food supply that promotes optimal physical, cognitive, social, and emotional growth and development. The registered dietitian and dietetic technician have the duty to act as an advocate for the establishment of child-care, school, and community settings conducive to the development of good nutrition habits (Elsevier, 2007).
School wellness policies in California (2006-2007) included nutrition guidelines for all foods sold on school campuses throughout the day and also includes goals for nutrition education, physical activities, and establishment of a plan for implementation of the policy, including designating one or more persons within the local educational agency or at each school to be responsible for compliance and to be developed by parents, students, food service staff, the school board, school administrators, and the public (Briggs, Krikpatrick, & Zindenberg-Cherr, 2007). The school survey showed that teachers recognize the need for incorporating nutrition into the school curriculum. As support materials become available, they will have the resources they need for incorporating nutrition lessons into their daily school curriculum.
School regulations provide guidelines for healthy meals in school environment. School meals must meet the applicable recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which recommend that no more than 30 percent of a persons calories come from fat and less than 10 percent from saturated fat. School lunches must provide one-third of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for protein, calcium, iron, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and calories. School breakfasts must provide one-fourth of these RDAs. Local schools food authorities decide which specific foods to serve and how to prepare them. “Foods of minimal nutritional value” as defined by federal regulations, cannot be sold in school food service areas during the meal periods (Story, Kaphingst, & French, 2007).
Current Research on Evaluating Programs and Policies to Improve the School Food EnvironmentThree studies at local schools have reported that competitive pricing and promotions can lead to increases in student purchases of fruits, vegetables, and low-fat foods. The available evidence suggests that the greatest gains in student consumption of nutritious foods and beverages are achieved when multiple strategies are combined to promote healthy choices. An evaluation of the Teens Eating for Energy and Nutrition at School (TEENS) program showed that students in the seventh and eighth grades who were exposed to the most program components had higher intakes of fruits, vegetables and other nutritious low-fat foods when compared with students exposed to fewer components. This program used several strategies to reach students, including peer-led classroom education; take-home activities for students to