The Shawshank Redemption
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The Shawshank Redemption. – movie reviews
Richard Alleva
Some wise guy might dismiss The Shawshank Redemption as Son of Cool Hand Luke. So it is, but its more than that. Frank Darabonts adaptation of a Stephen King novella seems to respond to the old Paul Newman movie, amend it, complete it.
A well-bred young banker is sent to serve a life term in Shawshank prison in Maine after being unjustly convicted of the murder of his wife and her lover. Andy Dufresne (Tim Robbins) seems to be a pragmatic version of Cool Hand Luke. Whereas Lukes only agenda was to run away from the chain gang, endure punishment, then run away again, Andy apparently has only limited, relatively realistic goals: he wants to survive prison with a minimum of decency, and he wants to share that decency with his circle of friends–the grimly stocis “Red” Redding (Morgan Freeman) and a few others. So he uses his knowledge of investment strategies and tax shelters to ingratiate himself with the head guard and the warden, both greedy brutes whose avarice can be played upon to neutralize their sadism. Dufresnes shrewdness gains him one concession after another: out-of-door work and free beer for his buddies, protection from a gang of rapists, the post of assistant librarian, and, finally, permission to start a prison tutorial program. Though Andy does give way to Luke-like bursts of rebellion–at one point he sends a gorgeous Mozart duet rippling over the prison PA system–and takes his lumps for them, he more often seems less a rebel than an incarnation of Pope John XXIIIs dicturm, “Notice everything, overlook much, improve a little.”
Yet, finally, we learn that theres even more to Andy Dufresne than that. There simply has to be. Shawshank is hell and you really cant adjust to hell without also adjusting to despair. Dufresne plays a cooler hand to bring about his redemption than Luke ever did because he has a wild card, a very wild card indeed, up his sleeve. It takes him twenty years to play it but when he does you feel as if youre watching the perfect illustration of Dylan Thomass lines,
Light breaks where no sun shines;
Where no sea runs, the waters of the heart
Push in their tides. The impossible is achieved and so becomes possible.
And that it all seems probable (at least while youre watching the movie) is a tribute to screenwriter-director Darabont, most especially to screenwriter Darabont, for his directing talent is entirely rooted in his writing. This isnt always the case with talented young moviemakers. When you see, say, one of Spike Lees better jobs, youre watching a brilliant directorial talent often illuminating his script, just as often overriding it, sometimes even trying to obliterate it when the director senses that his own writing is inadequate. But in Shawshank every cut, every angle, every camera strophe is at one with the writing. Im tempted to say that the direction simply is the writing and vice-versa, for there is never any discrepancy between what you see and the movement of the narrative. Even the occasional spectacular shot, like the helicopters eye-view of the prison grounds near the beginning, isnt an isolated stunt but precisely the sweepingly objective look at this city of slaves that you need at the particular moment. Darabont is an artist who knows when to rein in his eloquence and when to let it loose. To see his film right after Natural Born Killers (see, Commonweal, October 7) is to realize the difference between moviemaking that tells and moviemaking that bedizens.
Let me call attention to two linked sequences. An old paroled convict, wonderfully played by James Whitmore, having realized that he cant adjust to life “outside,” prepares to hang himself. In his dreary, halfway-house room, he climbs up to a beam and, instead of simply putting his head in the noose, takes out a knife. By keeping Whitmores hands out of camera range while the ex-con does something with the knife, Darabont infuses our dread