The Upper Class and Miss Anne Elliot
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The Upper Class and Miss Anne Elliott
Jane Austen, it appears, seems to be saddened by the decay of Englands aristocratic social order. The study of her main character, Anne Elliot, and her innocent yet intelligent-like persona take her readers further into the core of her foundation of ethics, and the relation of these to the daunting traditions of her immediate family and surrounding social circle gives the reader a fresh look at the importance of class distinction and the clearly perceptible emptiness of the aristocratic society that, in actuality is believed to have existed in Austens own life. A close assessment of the development of Austens ideals through the course of her novels reveals the fundamental nature of the central characters relationship to her family, and its direct relationship to the familys moral standpoint, as well as convincing evidence concerning Austens own values.
In Austens last finished novel, Persuasion, which Christopher Clausen describes as “a vast shift in direction from her previous work,” the deficiency of familial love and support acquired by the protagonist Anne Elliott is not only transparently evident, but Austen precisely sets out to tackle the hypocrisy prevailing in Annes surrounding family. The entire story revolves around the Elliott family, who live audaciously wrapped up in all aspects of life swathed in superficial self-importance, conceit, narcissism, self indulgence, social status and image, projected wealth, all the while snubbing any person not of equal or higher status with the sole exception of the manipulating, deceitful and deceptive Miss Clay, who makes friends with the eldest, and most conceited daughter of the narcissistic Sir Walter Elliott. The most important tension and conflict involves Annes “persuasion” to refuse to accept Frederick Wentworth, who she had fallen in love with at the tender age of nineteen, for the simple reason of his having had no title, position, or wealth to commend him to the family. Eight years afterward, living unattached, but not without bitter regret of her resolution which she believed could not be changed, she meets the man she is still, even after so many years of separation, in love with, except now he is a self made well-to-do bachelor, and Captain in the Navy. As Anne finds herself drawn farther from her emotionally barren family into the genuine love, warmth and happiness of the lower class family she befriends through the inspiration of Captain Wentworth in her life, she begins to understand the fallacies of the decadent and respected landed company that she had been surrounded by to the point of suffocation her whole life.
The absence of familial love increases in Persuasion, as Anne Elliott, exists in her own perception apart from what she thinks are the less-appealing characteristics of her family. The distinction between this novel and her others is that for the first time in Austens work, the inferior class is actually superior intellectually, morally and emotionally as compared to the high ranking society. This book also blatantly criticizes the prominent social class that had been, to some extent, upheld up to different degrees by at least one character in all of her previous novels.
Anne Elliott acts as the only interpreter of this representation as she sees, with somewhat silent condescension, the absurd vanity her family is fascinated with. An ideal example of Annes moral ethics opposing her fathers vain ones occurs when she offers the idea of a high-ranking naval officer renting their manor while they relocate to Bath. Here Anne spoke –
The Navy, I think, who have done so much for us, have at least an equal claim with any other set of men, for all the comforts and privileges which any home can give. Sailors work hard enough for their comforts, we all must allow.
Yet, Sir Walters biased and inflexible response to Annes modest and tolerant one, which follows, demonstrates Austens strategies for showing her disgust at vanity.
“It is in two points offensive to me; I have two strong grounds of objections to it. First, as being the means of bringing persons of obscure birth into undue distinction, and raising men to honours which their fathers and grandfathers never dreamt of; and secondly, as it cuts up a mans youth and vigor most horribly; a sailor grows old sooner than any other man; I have observed it all my life.”
As Anne travels through her own varying emotions and feelings of love, identity and regret, the influence of her familys influence or “persuasion” to defy the love or association of anyone of lower rank decreases until she defies her family outright by befriending a hard-up, crippled widow with the inopportune surname of Smith. The last name of a person in Englands high society was nearly as significant as rank. General, more common, last names such as Smith, Johnson, Miller, etc. disgusted the upper society because they were common. In his symposium entitled “A Class Act: Persuasion and the Lingering