PlagiarismEssay Preview: PlagiarismReport this essayis the practice of claiming or implying original authorship of (or incorporating material from) someone elses written or creative work, in whole or in part, into ones own without adequate acknowledgement. Unlike cases of forgery, in which the authenticity of the writing, document, or some other kind of object itself is in question, plagiarism is concerned with the issue of false attribution.
Within academia, plagiarism by students, professors, or researchers is considered academic dishonesty or academic fraud and offenders are subject to academic censure. In journalism, plagiarism is considered a breach of journalistic ethics, and reporters caught plagiarizing typically face disciplinary measures ranging from suspension to termination. Some individuals caught plagiarizing in academic or journalistic contexts claim that they plagiarized unintentionally, by failing to include quotations or give the appropriate citation. While plagiarism in scholarship and journalism has a centuries-old history, the development of the Internet, where articles appear as electronic text, has made the physical act of copying the work of others much easier, simply by copying and pasting text from one web page to another.
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In order to prevent the spread of this misappropriation error, the Committee encourages all editors, educators, and researchers to document the plagiarism. However, it also stresses that any student or faculty who is exposed to such a misappropriation, whether or not they are aware of it, should speak with their advisor and faculty who may recognize the plagiarized work, as well as their own personal contact information. In this way, students can find, for instance, the identity of the person who wrote the article or other sources, and also identify other people who may be responsible for the plagiarized work. A person could be required to appear to be on the “Contact Center” (the Department of Education’s Web site, or the department’s own Web site) and perform an online survey (e.g., “Do you still have a link on your credit report?”) on the students’ information. As a result, a person cannot use the information to steal the name of a professor or a professor’s personal information, nor could a former student claim their name was stolen from them by this act of plagiarism.
The Committee urges all of its members to ensure confidentiality, to use legal mechanisms such as law enforcement agencies to ensure that information from their sources is protected, and to report such information promptly to law enforcement authorities.
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Plagiarism is different from copyright infringement. While both terms may apply to a particular act, they emphasize different aspects of the transgression. Copyright infringement is a violation of the rights of the copyright holder, when material is used without the copyright holders consent. On the other hand, plagiarism is concerned with the unearned increment to the plagiarizing authors reputation that is achieved through false claims of authorship.
In the academic world, plagiarism by students is a very serious offense that can result in punishments such as a failing grade on the particular assignment (typically at the high school level) or for the course (typically at the college or university level). For cases of repeated plagiarism, or for cases in which a student commits severe plagiarism (e.g., submitting a copied article as his or her own work), a student may be suspended or expelled. Many students feel pressured to complete papers well and quickly, and with the accessibility of new technology (The Internet) students can plagiarize by copying and pasting information from other sources. This is often easily detected by teachers, for several reasons. First, students choice of sources
to make their selections of information may not be easy, for a typical paper is not likely to be suitable for classroom use. Second, some students may be particularly sensitive to having their own ideas being used as evidence when they are plagiarized elsewhere. The best source for such evidence is a large archive containing text and papers in the style of a paper from a particular author. When a student attempts to copy a published piece over to another student, the student may feel disrespected or embarrassed, and may become discouraged, intimidated or even expelled. Some students may become unwilling to copy published materials for reasons of embarrassment, lack of enthusiasm for a work, or because they felt ashamed of his or her work or those who had read it (in part to compensate for these reasons, but also to demonstrate the student’s willingness to copy for his or her own enjoyment. Second, the student who appears the plagiarist may lose all of his time and energy if the work, and his or her research work by, him or her is not given adequate consideration, which can also cause feelings of helplessness, stress, and embarrassment. Third, even if this student is not able to copy a widely circulated work for the first time (which is often the case), he or she may need to get to the next plagiaristic paper in order to read it, making the student difficult to convince that he or she was doing so due to a lack of awareness. A study published in 1998 in the journal Science reported that the frequency with which a student plagiarized appeared to be on average four (4) times greater than with an official (e.g. university) book or online resource. Some of the data suggest that there are substantial differences when comparing plagiarism and other types of cheating (e.g., when a student plagiarizes as an undergraduate when he or she is only a senior; or when the student plagiarizes as an undergraduate when he or she has no prior experience at research), and the use of plagiarized material is likely to be influenced by these characteristics. The more difficult the methodologies for copying and pasting information, the less likely plagiarism will become. Moreover, plagiarizing from materials submitted in the form of a copy can be more difficult and riskier than an official document submitted in the form of a book or online resource.
There is a long history of plagiarism in science and engineering. It is true — and it must be acknowledged — that there have been some cases of plagiarism in engineering from within the last 30-90 years. In recent years, however, there have been efforts in some countries [3, 6, 11, 15].
Why is plagiarism prevalent
Most of us understand that our knowledge and skills evolve over time. While we will never truly know how best to develop our talents, we can recognize that many of today’s students fall behind and have been given the sense that many of the basic skills can actually change over time. That’s why students have started to ask questions to learn about