Essay About Classical Conditioning And Fewer Tantrums

Classical Vs. Operant Conditioning
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Learning
Thoughts on Learning
“Learning is not compulsory. Neither is survival.”
W. Edwards Demming
“Education is what survives when what has been learned has been forgotten.”
B.F. Skinner
“I am always doing that which I cannot do, in order that I may learn how to do it.”
Pablo Picasso
What is Learning?
A relatively permanent change in behavior
that results from experience
Types of Learning
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Cognitive and social learning
Classical Conditioning: Examples
Sound of a dentists drill: sweaty palms
Smell of moms perfume: smiling
Sight of certain restaurant: nausea
Noise of a can opener: cat comes running
Smell of a hospital: weakened immunity
Classical Conditioning
Discovered (accidentally) by Ivan Pavlov
Pavlovs Observation
Studied digestion in dogs
Pavlovs Experiment: Phase 1
Food (US): salivation (UR)
Reflexive response
Tone (CS): nothing (CR)
Pavlovs Experiment: Phase 2
CS is repeatedly paired with the US
A tone is sounded before the food is presented
Pavlovs Experiment: Phase 3
Eventually, the CS elicits a new CR
Hearing the tone by itself causes salivation
Classical Conditioning:
Conditioned Emotional Response
Avoidance learning
Conditioned phobias
Little Albert
Classical Conditioning
Extinction
Spontaneous recovery
Classical Conditioning
Stimulus generalization
Stimulus discrimination
Higher Order Conditioning
Pair CS1 with a new CS2
CS2: CR
But, CR will be weaker
Classical Conditioning Applied
Drug overdoses
Smoking: environmental cues
Systematic desensitization
Advertising: sex appeal
Taste aversion
Conditioning and the immune system
Types of Learning
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Cognitive and Social Learning
Operant Conditioning: Examples
Tantrums are punished: fewer tantrums
Tantrums bring attention: more tantrums
Slot machine pays out: gamble more
Reward dog for sitting: dog is likely to sit
Operant Conditioning
Thorndikes puzzle box
Law of Effect: actions that have positive outcomes are likely repeated
Skinner box
Operant Conditioning: Principles
Stimulus-Response
Reinforcement
Positive reinforcement