Cloud Computing and Databases: A Research Paper on the Current Trends and TechnologiesWHY CLOUD COMPUTINGAccording to [1], the worlds information is doubling every two years, creating a staggering 1.8 Zetabytes of data by the end of 2011. More than 70 percent of all server worldwide would be virtualized by 2014. Current data will grow by 800% over the next five years. 70 percent of the companies in the world will have to modify their data centers in order to meet the increased power and cooling requirements. There are 33 million services worldwide, and 15 percent of them run 24/7 without being in active use. Because of these exponential increases in information, utilization of markets through technology and the rapid changes during development, demands for information technology systems have heightened dramatically. As a result, data worldwide become unstructured and would require more effort than usual for them to be understood and analyzed. Moreover, different data centers will also have to be remodeled to cope with these changes. To solve this issue, IT practitioners developed a technology which they call cloud computing.
[2] defined cloud computing as, “a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources such as networks, servers, storage, applications, and services, that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. Some issues which can be resolved through cloud computing includes poor utilization of resources leading to an increase in cost, resizing of load to support application needs, and reallocating these loads to suit application demands. Because of this, cloud computing turned out to be an increasingly attractive means of creating and delivering IT services throughout the entire life cycle.
SOME KEY CONCEPTS IN CLOUD COMPUTINGCloud computing is made up of other concepts in computer science. Likewise, the cloud model is composed of several essential characteristics, service models and deployment models.
VirtualizationOne key concept in cloud computing is virtualization. [3] defined virtualization as an emerging IT paradigm that separates computing functions and technology implementations from physical hardware. It involves a shift in thinking from physical to logical, meaning IT resources are treated as logical resources rather than separate physical resources. With virtualization, one can consolidate processors, memory, storage and networks onto a virtual environment. Additionally, one physical resource can be made to look into multiple virtual resources. These resources can also have functions or features that are not available in any underlying physical resources. Cloud computing, as an example, is the virtualization of computer programs through an internet connection rather than installing applications on every
and by creating computers in a virtual environment, one can move the workloads of the operating system to virtual machines instead of spending physical money in the operating system. [4] To take one example, many cloud computing systems, including some enterprise customers, need to install custom operating systems, but those vendors may not yet have the technologies to do so. The problem is that there is no easy way to use some cloud computing systems with software on-demand. These systems need to be well-tested and deployed, although most may only be available on the cloud (e.g., through cloud-service and cloud-storage services) and that is not always easy as their performance could vary and possibly take longer. [5] An organization that relies on virtualization to perform work, whether in its office or in the lab, is often also reliant on virtualization to provide the services, including work data backup, to its servers. [6]
3.4.4 Virtual machine: Virtualization as a way to consolidate computing, both physical and virtual in a virtual environment, is a major topic in cloud computing in 2015. More than two million enterprises use it today as a physical and digital part of their business. In the past year, virtual machine technology has also become a popular deployment technique for organizations across different IT departments, organizations, systems administrators, IT professionals, and many other organizations. Virtualization, as mentioned earlier, is a traditional way that an organization can create and deploy “virtual computing” in the workplace. Virtualization and the deployment of software and data together helps make virtualization a more traditional means of using computing, and allows for better organization efficiencies, such as increased efficiency in scheduling, processes administration and management, and more frequent use of less data when operating on a larger scale. [7] In other words, there’s a place for virtualization in the workplace that has improved efficiency and allows for more flexible working environments. This helps reduce the need to work offline at work, which has been recognized as the ideal work environment, for most organizations.[8] [9] This work environment can have benefits to organizations because it promotes flexible scheduling at work but decreases the need to use more physical resources. It also helps reduce the need to work on smaller work sites, making it a better way to increase the efficiency of the work. For example, according to an executive at an HP (HP Computing) company that runs all of their employees at home, it’s possible to work 30 minutes per day, but a virtual desk for the executive or other employees in the home needs up to four people doing the work at a time. [10] The cloud is often a viable option in both the workplace and for people who want to automate their own work but do not have physical work space—it’s also convenient in the past where there were more flexible living spaces available as well. It’s also a great solution for people who have less technical skill and require more physical resources. Since it has been possible for the Internet of Things to support data center use, it can be useful at times for organizations where they have a problem with IT resources or data centers.
3.5 Efficient scheduling processes The fact that a human being can do more than a little work in a day is one element of the ideal work environment for organizations. The next step is to ensure that IT resources are available, efficiently, and for optimal efficiency (i.