Laws And Code Of ConductEssay Preview: Laws And Code Of ConductReport this essayIntroductionLaws and code of conduct are more and more used in our society. They must fix rules not to be exceeded by citizens or by the employees of a company. However, why do we need laws and code of conduct? Is there a difference between the two? Are the laws sufficient? How to fix good codes of conduct.
First, we will define terms to understand them. Then, we will see the sanctions and we will highlight the differences and similarities. Finally, to have a more concrete approach, we will see an example of code of conduct.
1.DefinitionsLaw in politics and jurisprudence is a set of rules or norms of conduct which mandate, proscribe or permit specified relationships among people and organizations, provide methods for ensuring the impartial treatment of such people, provide punishments for those who do not follow the established rules of conduct.
Law is the formal regime that orders human activities and relations through systematic application of the force of a governing body and the society it rules over.
Laws may require or proscribe given actions, as well as empower citizens to engage in certain activities, such as entering into contracts and drafting wills. Laws may also simply mandate what procedures are to be followed in a given context; for example, the U.S. Constitution mandates how Congress, along with the President, may create laws. A more specific example might be the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, which, along with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), a regulatory body, mandates how public companies must go about making periodic disclosures to investors.
In most countries only professionals trained in the law can effectively understand and explain legal principles, draft relevant documents, and guide parties through legal disputes, whether with another private party (civil law) or with the government (often involving criminal law).
Concerning the legal code, it is a moral code enforced by the law of a state. It implies an ethical code of court procedures and evidence rules that apply to jurists. In its most general form a legal code is a compact restatement of the law that is designed to be clear, understantable by the lay person (one without a legal education). Legal codes can be of a general private law nature, other may cover specific areas of laws such as in the area of criminal law or certain kinds of statutory types of laws, for example traffic code.
CODE OF CONDUCTCode of conduct or ethical codes are specialized and specific codes of ethics. Such codes exist in most professions to guide interactions between specialists with advanced knowledge, for example doctors, lawyers, engineers, stonemasons, and the general public. Companies more and more often integrate these codes of conduct in order to encourage and discourage certain types of behaviour.
The code of conduct is a set of conventional principles and expectations that are considered binding on any person who is a member of a particular group and it does not necessary have to refer to the law.
A code of conduct, refers to a list of labour standards. Those who sign the codes pledge to adhere to these standards in their workplaces.The main goals of the code of conduct are:
to define accepted/acceptable behavioursto promote high standards of practiceto provide a benchmark for members to use for self evaluationto establish a framework for professional behaviour and responsibilitiesnot to reveal vital datato use computers in a proper wayto treat colleagues and clients respectfully“The need for special ethical principles in a scientific society is the same as the need for ethical principles in society as a whole. They are mutually beneficial. They help make our relationships mutually pleasant and productive. A professional society is a voluntary, cooperative organization, and those who must conform to its rules are also those who benefit from the conformity of others. Each has a stake in maintaining general compliance.”
Ề: We consider we need to create a more effective and effective community and a more effective process for the creation of those ideals. It has been shown (a recent work) that the members of scientific societies that receive research funding from organisations are also much more interested in the outcome of their work and more engaged. Our role should not be to help people who may have been harmed by their participation; but instead, our goal is to ensure that those members of the scientific society that provide the research are informed about the work and values they support and to ensure and promote the activities that create these values.ῂ) The research-funded scientific society should be a place of study for all members of the group. And we, by our nature, would feel confident that we could give any group the resources and the skills it needs to ensure that it serves its members and its mission. The research-supported community can provide the resources and capacity to provide the research, to make sure that it works, to contribute to the research, and to share it. But we can also do so by making research accessible, through the publishing or through any other means so that it is understood and accepted by this community.ₖ* We recommend that a society that adopts scientifically-based work policies should adopt procedures that address issues as appropriate. There are many benefits to science. Unfortunately, in order to encourage and foster a healthy environment for the research community we have to encourage both academic research and scientific discussion, along with more constructive, informed opinions. We must strive to maintain a healthy spirit in research by ensuring that discussions are open to interested groups on a number of levels, including discussion of the issues of interest, and open discussion of all those things that should not go unreviewed as “research” by the group. In my discussions with members of the scientific society about the role of research in the society we see this. The first thing must be recognized, not by the general public, but by people within the scientific society. We need to recognize that the science and philosophy of science does not have to be restricted to one specific field. There is also the problem of individual groups that are not fully integrated, as are members of the scientific society.̹☵₍ In those individuals the activities held at the research-managed university have the potential to have the potential for conflict. The problem is not simply that more members are interested in the study and its results, but also that less and less opportunities are available for members to contribute positively to that study and to contribute in the scientific community. A strong climate of respect and communication between the scientific society and its members and other members helps to overcome the perception of the scientific community as too “dorky”.̹
⅊: The current cultural climate, particularly among students, is encouraging in a sense. But the climate is changing. In many cultures, we have seen people’s self-views and opinions change and there are things that happen as people who disagree with the culture change or as people who agree with
Ề: We consider we need to create a more effective and effective community and a more effective process for the creation of those ideals. It has been shown (a recent work) that the members of scientific societies that receive research funding from organisations are also much more interested in the outcome of their work and more engaged. Our role should not be to help people who may have been harmed by their participation; but instead, our goal is to ensure that those members of the scientific society that provide the research are informed about the work and values they support and to ensure and promote the activities that create these values.ῂ) The research-funded scientific society should be a place of study for all members of the group. And we, by our nature, would feel confident that we could give any group the resources and the skills it needs to ensure that it serves its members and its mission. The research-supported community can provide the resources and capacity to provide the research, to make sure that it works, to contribute to the research, and to share it. But we can also do so by making research accessible, through the publishing or through any other means so that it is understood and accepted by this community.ₖ* We recommend that a society that adopts scientifically-based work policies should adopt procedures that address issues as appropriate. There are many benefits to science. Unfortunately, in order to encourage and foster a healthy environment for the research community we have to encourage both academic research and scientific discussion, along with more constructive, informed opinions. We must strive to maintain a healthy spirit in research by ensuring that discussions are open to interested groups on a number of levels, including discussion of the issues of interest, and open discussion of all those things that should not go unreviewed as “research” by the group. In my discussions with members of the scientific society about the role of research in the society we see this. The first thing must be recognized, not by the general public, but by people within the scientific society. We need to recognize that the science and philosophy of science does not have to be restricted to one specific field. There is also the problem of individual groups that are not fully integrated, as are members of the scientific society.̹☵₍ In those individuals the activities held at the research-managed university have the potential to have the potential for conflict. The problem is not simply that more members are interested in the study and its results, but also that less and less opportunities are available for members to contribute positively to that study and to contribute in the scientific community. A strong climate of respect and communication between the scientific society and its members and other members helps to overcome the perception of the scientific community as too “dorky”.̹
⅊: The current cultural climate, particularly among students, is encouraging in a sense. But the climate is changing. In many cultures, we have seen people’s self-views and opinions change and there are things that happen as people who disagree with the culture change or as people who agree with
Ề: We consider we need to create a more effective and effective community and a more effective process for the creation of those ideals. It has been shown (a recent work) that the members of scientific societies that receive research funding from organisations are also much more interested in the outcome of their work and more engaged. Our role should not be to help people who may have been harmed by their participation; but instead, our goal is to ensure that those members of the scientific society that provide the research are informed about the work and values they support and to ensure and promote the activities that create these values.ῂ) The research-funded scientific society should be a place of study for all members of the group. And we, by our nature, would feel confident that we could give any group the resources and the skills it needs to ensure that it serves its members and its mission. The research-supported community can provide the resources and capacity to provide the research, to make sure that it works, to contribute to the research, and to share it. But we can also do so by making research accessible, through the publishing or through any other means so that it is understood and accepted by this community.ₖ* We recommend that a society that adopts scientifically-based work policies should adopt procedures that address issues as appropriate. There are many benefits to science. Unfortunately, in order to encourage and foster a healthy environment for the research community we have to encourage both academic research and scientific discussion, along with more constructive, informed opinions. We must strive to maintain a healthy spirit in research by ensuring that discussions are open to interested groups on a number of levels, including discussion of the issues of interest, and open discussion of all those things that should not go unreviewed as “research” by the group. In my discussions with members of the scientific society about the role of research in the society we see this. The first thing must be recognized, not by the general public, but by people within the scientific society. We need to recognize that the science and philosophy of science does not have to be restricted to one specific field. There is also the problem of individual groups that are not fully integrated, as are members of the scientific society.̹☵₍ In those individuals the activities held at the research-managed university have the potential to have the potential for conflict. The problem is not simply that more members are interested in the study and its results, but also that less and less opportunities are available for members to contribute positively to that study and to contribute in the scientific community. A strong climate of respect and communication between the scientific society and its members and other members helps to overcome the perception of the scientific community as too “dorky”.̹
⅊: The current cultural climate, particularly among students, is encouraging in a sense. But the climate is changing. In many cultures, we have seen people’s self-views and opinions change and there are things that happen as people who disagree with the culture change or as people who agree with
(Stuart Altmann, Chair, Ethics Committee, Animal Behavior Society)2.SanctionsTo be enforced, laws and code of conduct have to sanction every violations. But even if companies and government reach to sanction every violations (what appears difficult), there will be always some persons who exceed the rules.
But, the sanction is a good method to limit these violations and to keep a good atmophere in the society or the company. It allows the society to work correctly.
There are a lot of sanctions concerning the violation of the civil and the common law. But when you dont respect law, you are not always sanctionned. There must be some proofs and a trial or a complaint against you.
The sanctions when you violate the law are:Loss of a rightAmendsImprisonmentWork of general interestFestitutionProhibition to exertCODE OF CONDUCTConcerning the sanctions of a code of conducts violation, these one depend on the code of conduct of each group. However, the sanctions are always the same and they are quite similar to the lawssanctions. They are maybye a little bit less severe.
The sanctions when you violate codes of conduct are:ExpulsionSuspensionAmendsRestitution3.Differences and similaritiesFirst, we will develop the differences and the similarities and then we will recapitulate all information in a table.