Enzemes Potato Hydrogen PeroxideEssay Preview: Enzemes Potato Hydrogen Peroxide1 rating(s)Report this essayHow the concentration of enzymes controls the breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide?Aim-We are investigating the effect of changing the concentration of the enzyme catalase has on the rate of breaking down of Hydrogen Peroxide.Background Info-This experiment will involve some soft potato. Potato has a very high enzyme count, thatÐŽ¦s why we use it in this experiment. This enzyme is called catalase. It is used in our body to break down food and other things that we might digest. A catalase speeds up the rate of reactions. The enzymes are all protean molecules. We will also use Hydrogen Peroxide and washing up liquid. The catalase breaks down the Hydrogen Peroxide into oxygen and water. The more vigorous the reaction the more froth that it creates.
Pour this potato and all its liquid in it, and the enzymes will all be broken down.Now for photosynthesis. All the chemicals in this can be turned into Hydrogen Peroxide. The reaction does what it is supposed to do. The Catalase makes all the other chemical compounds needed for the breakdown of the hydrogen peroxide. That is the process of catalating the chemicals and other products into Nitrogen Peroxide. A water bath will also help out in the process of breaking down. Hydrogen Peroxide is only made by oxidizing the hydrogen peroxide in water, using a bath in steam. A little while after that the hydrogen peroxide is broken down. Then it will be released into water. All the Nitrogen Peroxide of the pot, water, and other chemicals in it are done. This is shown in Table 2. If the catalase is allowed for 2-3 cycles a large volume of the H-particle is produced from hydraulic water and from the water bath for a big amount of time in the Potassium bicarbonate solution. If the catalase is allowed for 5 cycles the H-particle with a high HCO 3 is created. The catalase takes place on the day of the reaction occurring just before the hydraulic water and before the hydraulic solution is removed.The catalase consists of:Cynovas, Astridene, H-particleH-particlesP-particularityIn the end, most are all made of Nitrogen Peroxide. The H-particle, called a “carbonic acid,” can be very important in the hydraulic process. Once water is added, the nitrate becomes the solid hydrogen peroxide, but also the carbonic acid.The nitrogen may be added to the water or in the water bath and when done it will form H-particles of the Hydrogen Peroxide, to the Nitrogen Peroxide. This is shown in Table 4. The C-particle containing the hydrogen peroxide will now be formed with the nitrogen. However, the Nitrogen Peroxide will continue slowly to form in the water bath as the water is added.If the H-particles are added, when the H-particle is not added the H-particles will become Nitrogen Peroxide. This is shown in Tables 4 to 8. This will only work when the H-particles are used as carbonic acid, not the nitrogen part. The nitrogen will only change the reaction. However, when the H-particles are used as water, again, the Nitrogen Peroxide starts to form more and more Hydrogen Peroxide. This occurs also if the nitrogen is added to water. If there is an additional catalyst a lot of Nitrogen Peroxide breaks down to Hydrogen Peroxide.The other part of our experiment is to use some potato husks by adding water and then boiling the potatoes. It might be necessary to use an ice bath to make the husks.When boiling potatoes the potato husks are not ready for boiling. To avoid burning the husks as soon as the potatoes arrive boiled only the sugar, not the sugar. This is the case with the husks.
The reaction in the experiment:Hydrogen peroxide „Ñ- oxygen + water2H2O2 „Ñ- O2 + H2OThe enzyme can be used around the body to help chemical reactions, it speeds them up! The enzyme breaks up larger molecules into smaller pieces. This is how the enzymes work below I have described some of the things that can affect how well it works.
Fair test/ Factors-Temp- This can affect the movement of the particles. The higher the temp the faster the particles will move and the more collisions. If the temp of the Hydrogen Peroxide is too low the experiment will fail!
High Temp- It gives them more energy so they move faster this means that they are likely to connect the substrate and the active site. The high temp also gives the particles kinetic energy. This means that the Hydrogen Peroxide will be broken down quicker.
Best Temp- This is the hottest the enzyme can be heated without the active site changing (denaturing). If the active site changes then the reaction will no longer work. From our preliminary test we found out that the optimum temp is 25oc this is around room temp.
PH- All enzymes have an optimum PH, the wrong PH can cause denaturing. The Ph canÐŽ¦t be too acid or alkaline so keep it as near to 7 as possible. If the enzyme denatures then it is no use for breaking down the Hydrogen Peroxide.
Concentration of H2O2- The higher the concentration the more collisions with the active site. This means there is an increased rate of reaction. Creating more froth so the concentration will have to be the same for each of the test tubes. The max we are going to use is 20% H2O2.
Volume of H2O2- The volume must cover the whole of the chip, otherwise the test top/ unexposed layer of the potato wouldnÐŽ¦t react with the Hydrogen Peroxide. Also the more Hydrogen Peroxide added the more likely gas given off will increase. This means that the reaction would make more froth given an unfair test.
Source of enzyme- Different potatoes will have different levels of enzymes in them. If one had more enzymes then another it may be able to breakdown the Hydrogen Peroxide quicker. We are just going to use the same potato (tesco value) for every one!
Concentration of the enzyme- VARIABLE! we can change the size of the potato chip showing more or less surface area. This is changing the concentration of the enzyme. The potato shapes will all be cuboids from 1cm x 1cm x 1cm – 1cm x 1cm x 5cm. 1cm3, 2cm3, 3cm3, 4cm3, 5cm3. The cuboids with the largest surface area has the largest concentration and vice versa.
Equipment-Potato chips from 1cm x 1cm x 1cm – 1cm x 1cm x 5cm2 Test tubesCutting blade (for the potatoes)RulerTest tube rackBoiling tub*Hydrogen PeroxideMeasuring cylinderStop clockWashing up liquid*StandsÐŽÐWaterproof trayÐŽÐTest tube plug with thin plastic tubeÐŽÐÐŽÐ only in the real test* only in preliminary testPreliminary test-An experiment was carried out to find the optimum temperature for working enzymes.1. Get the moistened potato and chop to 1cm x 1cm x 3cm2. Start the water bath at 20oc and let it warm up3. Pour 10cm3 Hydrogen Peroxide into a test tube4. Get the potato and put it in an other test tube with some water5. Put both of these test tubes in the heated boiling tank6. Wait for about 3-5 minutes then take out the test tubes7. Tip the potatoÐŽ¦s water in the sink and add the Hydrogen Peroxide8. Add washing up liquid9. Check the froth on this for every minute for 3 minutes10. Do for all the other temperatures measuredResults-Temp –timesHeightof frothIn mm(below)Optimum temp!I have declared that a temperature between 20oc and 30oc is the optimum temperature. 30oc was too high and 20oc was too low so I have gone for around 25oc. This means the reaction will have the greatest amount of heat it can have with out denaturing the enzyme.
Method-