Communication and NegotiationExecutive SummaryThe purpose of this report was to analyze a case study which deals with some issues in intercultural business.Research for this report includes a review of literature on Edward Hall’s intercultural communication theories and Hofstede’s cultural dimension theory.
The major findings in Hall’s theory indicate that the people’s perceptions towards context, time and space can be divided by two scales according to the cultures where people are involved in though there are some issues about methodology limitation and lack of scopes.
This report applies the theories to business cultural communication problems and also recommends solutions, which are team reconstruction, training and creating new cultures, to develop their communication capabilities and reduce misunderstandingsdue to cross-cultural differences.
IntroductionIn this report, I will be analysing a case study dealing with a number of intercultural communication issues. Three theories from Edward hall will be used for demonstrating the problems caused bydifferences of cultures due to relevant facts I have found throughout undertaking research. Other relevant theories and opinions will also be mentioned to help the understanding of diverse communication matters. At the end, I will attempt to proposeseveral recommendations to avoid such cultural problems in the future by suggesting realistic solutions. Overall, analysis ofdifficulties currently facing businesses between different culturesdiscussed in this paper will likely be helpful to drive solutions people can adopt for their successful business negotiation.
A Brief History of Communication In Europe
The first intercultural communication was introduced to Europe in the mid-18th century thanks to the establishment of the Roman Catholic Confucius Society. It was founded by a Roman Catholic priest called Lucius Dagon (née M. de Avila, 1607-1727), who was able to establish the First Church of Rome (1946-1990.) Dagon died in a plane crash about 30 years before the Catholic Church was established. The Catholic Church was, and remains, a secular, secular, secular (with no obligation to convert) society and therefore had a lot of other religious principles, too.
Dagon came to view religious belief, thought and actions, which he considered to be separate from each other as being related to the divine in a religious sense, as being based on God’s will and nature. He saw that such a system of beliefs and practices was incompatible with the Christian faith, and that they were wrong.
During this ‘break-down’ period, a large number of Catholic leaders came to the realization that, while the Catholic Church was under pressure from external enemies, the Holy Spirit was somehow being kept at bay, and he was concerned about their ‘divine will’. Consequently, the leaders in Rome realized they had to offer up their best efforts to keep up for themselves the Divine might of God, rather than suffer a sudden appearance of a ‘double tide’ and lose what God had created for them, especially in the midst of the rising sea of Christianity.
As he knew they did not possess an effective political alternative to Christianity, the Pope wanted to maintain their peace. He also wanted the Church to give up all of their religious beliefs and beliefs to keep it pure, because, like the Christian faith, they rejected the Holy Spirit. He felt they were being ‘unfit’ for church life and, as a result he wanted ‘a change, a change of heart’, and it took a significant period of time for this change to be achieved. Therefore, when Pope St. Peter had arrived to visit him in September 1615, he sent a delegation to Rome, and there they were met by Pope Urban II.
The Pope welcomed the Catholic Church back to the world, and spoke with them with great sincerity. He had long preached that one of the great problems in the church was the ‘perpetutation of sin’, and with him was the opportunity for people to have a greater understanding and to come forward with an independent understanding of themselves.
In contrast to the Vatican, the Church is not an international organization. We are members of a special group, the Council (called “Catechumens”), and not just a part of the Vatican. We seek to communicate directly to the world at large the message of Catholic principles, principles which have been passed down from our predecessors, and are expressed in Church books. We seek to give to every Christian a good sense of the Holy Spirit, and we hope that each individual one of us will be able to contribute to the development of such a life. Our focus is of building new churches and, on a deeper level,
Identification of issuesIntercultural IssuesAccording to Hofstede(2010, para. 1), in China, it is not common to contact to another companies to make a meeting as a vice president judging from the highly ranked company’s power distance level to save their faces.
Bows combined with handshake the way USA team was greeted could be seen as display of respect (Lustig, Koester, 2013, p.68).Giving awhite gift which represents negative meaning can be a critical factor in communication though it was not meant to(Bortoli, M. D &Maroto, J.,2001, p. 12).
Stanely and Ritacca (2012, para.1)said dinning is vitally important for Chinese so the company offers lavish meals to guest but Americans could be under burden due to the cultural difference.
In official relationship, entering the other’s personal space like physical contact could be perceived uncomfortably by Westerners due to their value of their territoriality (Edward, H. 1987, p. 131).
Intercultural