Sex Paraphilia Notes
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Paraphilias CH16 get encyclopedia of unusual sexual practices
When is Sexual Behavior Abnormal
Varies by _culture __
Various approaches have been proposedÐŽXstatistical (rare)
Sociological (violates norms)
_Psychological ____ (discomfort, inefficiency, and bizarreness)
Medical (lists syndromesÐŽVDSM-IV-TR)
Abnormal Behavior (cont.)
Easier to describe in theory than in reality ex: lingerieÐŽXan article of clothing that both men and women find arousing but can also be a fetish object
Think of these behaviors as gradations on a __continuum ____
Paraphilias ÐŽV DSM-IV Definition
Essential features ÐŽV recurrent, intense, sexually arousing _fantasies_, sexual urges, or _behaviors __ generally involving:
Nonhuman objects
Suffering or humiliation of oneself or oneÐŽ¦s partner
Children or other non-consenting persons
The fantasies, urges or behaviors have occurred over a period of at least _6 _ months
They cause ÐŽ§clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioningÐŽÐ
Paraphilias
Fetishism
Transvestic Fetishism
Sexual __Sadism __
Sexual __Masochism ___
Voyeurism
__Frotteurism__
Exhibitionism
Pedophilia
Paraphilia, NOS
Are mainly practiced by __men ____
Sex offenders often possess fewer social skills than non-offenders
Individuals are likely to have more than one
Dr. Abel ÐŽV average client had __4.9 __ paraphilias
Fetishism
Sexual fantasies, urges, or behaviors
Involving use of __nonliving __ objects, or a specific __body__ part, to produce or enhance sexual arousal with or in the absence of a partner
Common items are something associated with the body: womenÐŽ¦s underpants, bras, stockings, shoes, boots, or other clothing item
MediaÐŽXhard or soft (material)
Form (object or its shape)
Masturbates while holding, rubbing, smelling object
May ask partner to wear item
Object may be __required ___ or preferred for sex
Their behavior has a __compulsive __ like quality
Often steal and hoard the item, may follow a person who had an item and attack them
Mild preference
Strong preference
Necessity (starts to be abnormal)
__Substitute __ for partner
Development of Fetishism
Learning theoryÐŽXclassical conditioningÐŽXa learned association is built between the fetish object and sexual arousal and orgasm
A single learning trial may cement the association
Mechanism of maintenance ÐŽV ___reinforcement __(both positive and negative) obtained through masturbation and orgasm
Transvestism
Simply involves dressing as a member of the other gender
Transsexuals while in transition
Drag queen
Drag kings
Female impersonators
Perhaps adolescent boys expressing confusion and frustration
Transvestic Fetishism
A ___heterosexual ___ male who dresses in female clothing to produce or enhance sexual arousal
May ___masturbate ___ while cross-dressed (40%)
Behavior ranges from wearing a single item to extensive involvement with the subculture
93% in one study reported complete cross-dressing
Only 14% went out in public dressed as a women
Many began before age 10
Four basic reasons
Sexual arousal (conditioned association between womenÐŽ¦s clothing and sexual arousal)
__Relaxation ____ (need a break from being a man)
Role playing (like passing as women in public)
Adornment (enjoy the sense of being beautiful)
Sexual Sadism
Involves sexual excitement from the psychological or physical suffering of the victim
Inflict pain and humiliation in order to cause suffering
Usually acted out with __willing ___ partner
Fantasies