Clifford V.S James
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In our last class we examined the argument of William Clifford, and William James. In this essay I will simply examine the two opposing sides. Clifford takes the side of Evidentialism. Evidentialism is the standing that for a belief to be knowledge, it must be supported by evidence. According to evidentialism, everyone has a rational and moral duty to believe only those claims that are supported by sufficient evidence. If a belief doesnt fit in with well established scientific beliefs or isnt discovered through normal scientific practices, then it isnt rational and doesnt count as genuine knowledge. On the other side is James, who believes in Pragmatism. In an essay entitled, Pragmatisms Theory of Truth James wrote ” Truth happens to be an idea. It becomes true, is made true by events. Its verity is in fact an event, a process: the process namely of its verifying itself, its verification. Grant an idea or belief to be true, what concrete difference will its being true make in anyones actual life? How will the truth be realized? What experiences will be different from those which would obtain if the belief were false? What, in short, is the truths cash value in experiential terms?”
Clifford says that we harm ourselves and others when we do not question our beliefs. James argues that it is appropriate