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Cognitive Vs Sociocultural Child Development Theories Explored Cognitive vs Sociocultural child development theories explored Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget and Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky each developed their own ideas of child development. Piaget separated development into four stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete-operational, and formal-operational. While Vygotsky believed that human activities take place in cultural settings and cannot.