Motorola MicroprocessorEssay Preview: Motorola MicroprocessorReport this essayMOTOROLA 68060 – PERFECT SOLUTION FOR NETWORKING AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMWritten by: Nyer LeIntroduction:What is the heart of a computer system? Of course, that is the CPU. In general, CPU is composed from a microprocessor that controls all the operations of the system. In the IT market today, there are many kinds of microprocessors available to build the CPU, such as Intel, AMD, Cyric, Alpha each of them has its own advantages and is used for separated purposes. In this document, Id like to discuss about a high performance microprocessor, the newest Motorolas 32-bit microprocessor MC68060, which is widely used in networking technology and embedded systems.
N.E.: A simple overview of “microprocessor” to “core” and “inject” an Intel/AMD microprocessor MC68060 into an Intel processor.Motorola, one of the most versatile computers of its kind, has developed a series of computer chips in a variety of hardware to form an integrated, multiprocessor system to run more than 100 core devices for multiple operating directions. What drives the Motorola MC68060 is the combination of a large number of low-power and high power processors. A number of manufacturers of processors, including the Intel series of processors for Intel architecture, have developed processors with a number of more powerful CPU microprocessors, some of which were used in the development of the processors and, among them, the Intel Core series and the ARM64 series. The Motorola MC68060 is a small computer with a wide variety of processor modules that can be used with a number of applications. For some applications, it can be a very large computer. An example of a processor module is the DMI. This type of processor may be used to provide real-time computing, such as recording images, playing music and performing complex applications, but it can also be used to power a number of other applications such as a web server.There exists, of course, much confusion regarding the nature and purpose of the MC68060 and it will be evident with the introduction of each of these new processor modules as of this writing as the motorolas 32-bit microprocessor MC68060 is only designed to run at the highest frequency settings of 6.5 GHz and 8 MHz (with frequencies below 3 GHz used for communication) in terms of its integrated processor design. In this document, I will attempt to cover the main core components of this motorola system as they relate to those of the original Motorolas processors.In this section, I want to begin to mention this new processor architecture and how the two are related within the MC68060. The important point is that the Motorolas is designed in a very specific way as it is designed to operate on top of the main processor of my current microprocessor in an integrated form and not as a microprocessor with a large number of other components. To begin, I will look at the Motorola MC68060 processor with a 3.2 GHz frequency range and how those specific components are connected via 2 to 3 core transistors. In addition, I will look at how each core is connected (with 2 to 3 voltage supplies) to the motor controller bus. We begin by looking at the two MC67030 processor ICs. Motorolas is designed to be a big computer with a lot of core-program features, but that is not to deny that some of these things are necessary. There are, of course, quite a few exceptions to what may be called the “hard core” or hard core
N.E.: A simple overview of “microprocessor” to “core” and “inject” an Intel/AMD microprocessor MC68060 into an Intel processor.Motorola, one of the most versatile computers of its kind, has developed a series of computer chips in a variety of hardware to form an integrated, multiprocessor system to run more than 100 core devices for multiple operating directions. What drives the Motorola MC68060 is the combination of a large number of low-power and high power processors. A number of manufacturers of processors, including the Intel series of processors for Intel architecture, have developed processors with a number of more powerful CPU microprocessors, some of which were used in the development of the processors and, among them, the Intel Core series and the ARM64 series. The Motorola MC68060 is a small computer with a wide variety of processor modules that can be used with a number of applications. For some applications, it can be a very large computer. An example of a processor module is the DMI. This type of processor may be used to provide real-time computing, such as recording images, playing music and performing complex applications, but it can also be used to power a number of other applications such as a web server.There exists, of course, much confusion regarding the nature and purpose of the MC68060 and it will be evident with the introduction of each of these new processor modules as of this writing as the motorolas 32-bit microprocessor MC68060 is only designed to run at the highest frequency settings of 6.5 GHz and 8 MHz (with frequencies below 3 GHz used for communication) in terms of its integrated processor design. In this document, I will attempt to cover the main core components of this motorola system as they relate to those of the original Motorolas processors.In this section, I want to begin to mention this new processor architecture and how the two are related within the MC68060. The important point is that the Motorolas is designed in a very specific way as it is designed to operate on top of the main processor of my current microprocessor in an integrated form and not as a microprocessor with a large number of other components. To begin, I will look at the Motorola MC68060 processor with a 3.2 GHz frequency range and how those specific components are connected via 2 to 3 core transistors. In addition, I will look at how each core is connected (with 2 to 3 voltage supplies) to the motor controller bus. We begin by looking at the two MC67030 processor ICs. Motorolas is designed to be a big computer with a lot of core-program features, but that is not to deny that some of these things are necessary. There are, of course, quite a few exceptions to what may be called the “hard core” or hard core
Section 1 will introduce an overview about the architecture of this microprocessor and its functional blocks. The processing states of the microprocessor are described in section 2. Section 3 refers briefly to programming model – data registers, data format. For instruction set list, please refer to the source of information at the end of this document.
1. Microprocessor architecture:Motorola microprocessor has several main functional blocks: the execution unit, memory units, and bus controller, as we can see in the figure below:a) The Execution Unit: consisted of Instruction Fetch Unit, Integer Unit and Floating Point Unit. Instruction Fetch Unit is the unit that the microprocessor fetches the next instruction to be executed in. This unit establishes and manages the pipeline mechanism, which allows 4-stage pipelining of instructions: Instruction Address Calculation (IAG), Instruction Fetch (IC), Early Decode (IED), and Instruction Buffer. This smooth fetching keep the CPU always busy and bring the greatest performance.
MC68060 uses branch cache to let the instruction fetch pipeline notice about the branch instructions such as jmp or procedures, and change the instruction stream timely.
Integer Unit carried out logical and arithmetic operations. This unit also uses dual pipeline mechanism with superscalar design that allows the microprocessor do three instructions simultaneously in each clock cycle. The pipeline in Integer Unit has 6 stages that are decode (DS), Effective Address Calculation (AG), Effective Address Fetch (OC), Integer Execution (EX), Data Available (DA), write back (WB).
Floating Point Number, with its different format, is processed in Floating Point Unit (FPU). FPU operates in parallel with integer unit.b) Memory Unit: includes Instruction Memory Unit and Data Memory Unit, each works independently from the other. Each of them has 8Kbyte cache, which is accessed by physical address, a cache controller and an ATC (Address Translation Cache).
The 64-entry, 4 way, set-associative ATCs store recently used logical to physical address translation information as page descriptors for instruction and data accesses.
Instruction Memory Cache and Data Memory Cache, which has the size 8k, help reduce the external bus activities and lower the effective memory access time, therefore help increasing the systems performance. This architecture allows instruction stream fetches, data stream fetches, and external access to occur simultaneously.
This instruction and data caches is organized as four-way set associative, with 16-byte lines. Each line has an address tag and a field shows its validity.
c) Bus controller: The bus in MC68060 uses a non-multiplex, fully synchronous protocol that is clocked off the rising edge of the input clock. This bus controller work simultaneously with other functional blocks inside the CPU to maximize the system throughput.
2. Processing states:MC68060 has three processing states: normal processing, exception processing, or halted. In normal processing state, microprocessor fetches instructions and operands, executes instructions and stores the instruction results. In exception processing, microprocessor doesnt do the program processing, but it carried out the system, interrupt and exception handling. This includes fetching the exception vector, stacking operations, and refilling the