Female Serial Killers
Essay title: Female Serial Killers
FEMALE SERIAL KILLERS
Rudyard Kipling once said that the female of the species is far more deadly than the male. Female serial killers more than prove that theory, yet they have always been something of an anomaly in criminology and a puzzle for law enforcement.
These are the quiet killers, every bit as lethal as their male counterparts, but we are seldom aware of one in our midst because of their low visibility. Most female crime is hidden. Kelleher & Kelleher (1998) argue that female serial killers are more successful, careful, precise, methodical, and quiet in committing their crimes. They examined 100 cases since 1900 and found an average duration of 8 years before being caught — double that of the male serial killer.
Statistically, females usually account for about 15% of all violent crime and 28% of all property crime. However, there has been about a 140% increase in the number of crimes committed by women since 1970, and the upward trend is steady. For homicide, one of the most frequently-cited facts is a Justice Department study in 1991 which found females who were incarcerated for murder were twice as likely as men incarcerated for murder to have killed someone intimate (husband, boyfriend, or child).
Female serial killers account for only 8% of all American serial killers, but American females account for 76% of all female serial killers worldwide. The female serial killer also has different methods and motives for killing. [Yes, the total is over 100 – some overlap]
Methods include:
Poisoning – 80%
Shooting – 20%
Bludgeoning – 16%
Suffocation – 16%
Stabbing – 11%
Drowning – 5%
Motives include:
Money- 74%
Control – 13%
Enjoyment – 11%
Sex – 10%
Drugs, cult involvement or to cover up feelings of inadequacy – 24%
There are few researchers of female serial killers. The best book on the subject is by Michael and C. Kelleher (1998) “Murder Most Rare”. Kelleher & Kelleher suggest a typology, one based on whether the female serial killer acts alone or in partnership with others. They, further, construct a nine-point categorization method based around acting alone vs. in partnership typology.
Acting alone killers are often mature, careful, deliberate, socially adept, and highly organized. They usually attack victims in their home or place of work. They tend to favor a specific weapon, like poison, lethal injection, or suffocations. Styles include:
Black Widow – systematically kills multiple spouses, partners, or other family members
Angel of Death – systematically kills people who are in her care for some form of medical attention
Sexual Predator – systematically kills others in clear acts of sexual homicide
Revenge – systematically kills out of hate or jealousy
Profit or Crime – systematically kills for profit or in course