Research and Simulation on Biomass Energy Generation System
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Swinburne University of TechnologySarawak CampusSchool of Engineering and SciencesResearch and Simulation on Biomass Energy Generation SystemBachelor of Engineering(Mechanical)[pic 1]Prepared byHoward Woo 4207505May 2011DeclarationI hereby declare that this report entitled “Research and Simulation on Biomass Energy Generation System” is the result of my own project work except for quotations and citations which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that is it has not been previously or concurrently submitted for any other degree at Swinburne University of Technology (Sarawak Campus). Name: Howard WooID: 4207505 Date: 15 May 2011 Table of ContentsDeclaration Table of Contents List of Tables and Figures Acknowledgement 1 Abstract 2 Introduction 2.1 Biomass fuel 2.2 Biomass conversion process 2.3 Gasifier 2.3.1 Gasifier types 2.3.2 Updraft gasifier 2.3.3 Downdraft gasifer 3 Literature review 3.1 Biomass as fuels 3.2 Optimization of gasifier system 3.3 Modelling for gasifier 3.4 Case studies 3.4.1 Updraft gasifier 4 Methodology 4.1 Approach 1: Comparison of airflow in updraft and downdraft gasifier model 4.1.1 Chemical reaction 4.1.2 Formulation of theory – Fluid dynamics and Thermodynamics 4.1.3 Geometry and Boundary Condition 4.1.4 Numerical solution and computational analysis
5 Discussion and future work 6 References 7 Appendices List of Tables and FiguresFigure 21 Comparison between biochemical process and thermochemical conversion process Figure 22 Comparison of four major thermochemical conversion process (source: adapted from Demirbas, 2009) Figure 23 Diagram of updraft gasification (source: Skov 1974) Figure 24 Diagram of downdraft gasification (source: Skov 1974) Figure 31 Example result for influence of drying agent in gasification Figure 32 Concentration of gaseous products and temperature profile of 2kg wood pellets, with air flow rate: a) 2m³/h and b) 1.1 m³/h Figure 33 Concentration of gaseous products and temperature profile of a) 4 kg and b) 3 kg wood pellets with air flow rate of 2 m³/h. Figure 34 Concentration of gaseous products and temperature profile of a) 4 kg and b) 3 kg wood pellets with air flow rate of 1.5 m³/h. Figure 35 Concentration of gaseous products and temperature profile of a) 4 kg and b) 3 kg wood pellets with air flow rate of 1.5 m³/h. Figure 36 Concentration of gaseous products and temperature profile of 4 kg wood pellets with air flow rate of 2.6 m³/h. Figure 37 Liquid product (tar + water) obtained from 3 kg and 4 kg wood pellets. Figure 41Example dimensioning of gasifier – Imbert design gasifier diameter and Hearth diameter Figure 42 Notation for formulas and equations of modelling Figure 61Example result for updraft gasifier from Di Blasi’s ‘Modelling wood gasification in a countercurrent fixed-bed reactor Figure 62 Calorific Values of different compounds Figure 63 Phase diagram showing the relative proportions of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels (source: Reed 1981) Figure 64 Chemical changes during biomass conversion processes Table 1 Moisture content, gross calorific value, net calorific value, bulk density and energy density of biomass fuels (source: Van Loo 2008) Table 2 N, S, and Cl concentrations in biomass fuels (source: Van Loo, 2008)