Pneumonia Essay
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Name: Fatimah yousef Al-Bira Section: 2Essay #1 Final CopyPneumonia Essay Pneumonia is a situation that happens in the lungs that causes inflammation. In general it is caused by infections, but there are many other causes such us bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Inhalations of toxic gases or aspiration are among other causes of pneumonia. It is affects many different types of people in the world. The most people prone and likely to this inflammation are older people above 65 years, people who have chronic diseases, people having week immune system and children under 5 years old. The third cause of death among children under 5 years old around the world is the Pneumonia. The rates of infection in African Americans are higher three times in whites and are 5 to 10 times higher in Native American adults. From 40,000 to 70,000 states of deaths occur around the world because of the diagnosed process which do them every year on two to three million cases of pneumonia. Pneumonia was the number one cause of death in the U.S in 1936. Since then, the rates of pneumonia deaths have lowered because better treatments and medications have been developed. [7] Pneumonia is typically diagnosed based on mixture of physical signs and a chest ray. However, the basic cause can be hard to determine, as there is no conclusive test able to distinguish between bacterial and non-bacterial origin. Pneumonia has many causes, some points of prevention and symptoms. [1] [4] [6] There are many causes of pneumonia. Normally, the air sacs in the lungs fill with air, but because of pneumonia, the air sacs become filled with pus or other liquid. It is called consolidation when air sacs in the lungs become filled with something other than air. A pneumonia patient has difficulty breathing and oxygen cannot reach the blood stream as efficiently because the lungs air sacs are not able to fill with air. These fluids collect in and around the alveoli, thickening the walls and thus reducing gas exchange. This leads to hypoxia. The most common germs can cause pneumonia are bacteria and viruses in the air we breathe. While your body prevents these germs frominfecting your lungs, some germs can conquer your immune system. the most common type of pneumonia that occurs outside of hospitals or other health care facilities is Community-acquired. Pneumonia It may be caused by bacteria or viruses and less commonly by fungi and parasites. Only a few of infectious agents responsible for the majority of the cases, although there are more than 100 strains of them. In children, mixed inflammatory with both viruses and bacteria may occur in up to 45%, while in adults may occur in 15% of infections. Conditions and risk factors that lead
to pneumonia include smoking, immunodeficiency, alcoholism, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, chronic kidney disease, and liver disease. The most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia are Bacteria (CAP). There are four cases of isolated bacteria include Homophiles influenza in 20%, Streptococcus pneumonia isolated in nearly 50%, Chlamydophila pneumonia in 13%, and Mycoplasma pneumonia in 3% of cases; Viruses account for approximately a third in adults and for about 15% of pneumonia cases in children. Rhinoviruses, corona viruses, influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus, and parainfluenza are the most commonly implicated agents.The Rare cause of pneumonia is Herpes simplex virus except in some people such as: newborns, persons with cancer, transplant recipients, and people with significant burns. People who have weakened immune systems due to AIDS, immunosuppressive drugs, or other medical problems are have uncommon Fungal pneumonia. [4] Prevention includes vaccination, environmental measures and appropriate treatment of other health problems. It is believed that, the rates of death among children could be reduced by 400,000 if appropriate preventive measures were instituted globally ; also, if proper treatment were universally available, mortality could be decreased by another 600,000. Both in children and adults, vaccination prevents against certain bacterial and viral pneumonias. Influenza vaccines are modestly effective at preventing symptoms of influenza. (CDC) recommends every year vaccination for every person 6 months and older. Immunizing health care workers contribute to decrease the risk of viral pneumonia among their patients. Treatment for pneumonia depends on the type of pneumonia people have and how severe it is, and if they have other chronic diseases. The goals of treatment are to cure the infection and prevent complications. Most people can be treated at home, but if people pneumonia become so severe that they are treated in the hospital, they may receive fluids and antibiotics in their veins, oxygen therapy, and possibly breathing treatments. With treatment,