Lobsters Are OsmoregulatorsEssay Preview: Lobsters Are OsmoregulatorsReport this essayMethodsTo determine the principals of osmoregulation, we sampled two lobsters from each tank and there were three different tanks which the water ranged in salinity. The experiment is to determine whether the six lobsters tested are osmoregulators or osmoconformers, this is done by obtaining a sample of hemolymph. The first step of the lab is to prepare the needle and syringe that will be taking the hemolymph. The syringe size was 1 ml, and the intention is to collect between 0.5 and 1.0 ml of hemolymph. The needle size was 20 gauge, because anything smaller would destroy the hemolymph cells. Then the lobster was picked up with a firm grim around the dorsal celphao-thorax region and flipped over to expose the ventral side. The hemolymph was be extracted from the central midline of the ventral pre-branchial region, of the first section. Although, before piercing the membrane, the bevel of the needle had to be pointing up. When the needle was injected into the membrane, it did not have to go any deeper than 2-3 mm into the hemocyannin (blood cavity). If the needle went to deep it would strike nerves of the lobster. This procedure was completed six times on six different lobsters, to determine if the lobsters are osmoregulators or osmoconformers.
As soon as the hemolymph was taken form the lobster it was placed into a marked 1.5 ml microcentrifuge tube, and placed on ice. It was then taken to a lab and spun for 3 minutes on a microcentrifuge. The serum from the microcentrifuged hemolymph was taken back to the General Physiology Lab in Duffy and placed into osmometer, which measures the osmolarity. This is done by freezing the sample of hemolymph and the time that it takes to defrost depicts the amount of osmoles.
Water analyses for the three tanks determined the temperature ÔC, pH, salinity (ppt), oxygen levels and the ammonia content. The temperatures of all three tanks were taken by a digital thermometer and the pH of the water was taken by a pH meter. The normal range of pH for a marine tank is approximately 8.3. The salinity of the tanks was determined by two different instruments. The first being the refractometer, which measures the light refraction though water. The amount of light ray refracted though the water determines the salinity. The refractometer required correct readings of temperature for it to be accurate. The other instrument is called hydrometer that measures the specific gravity of salinity in water. This was accomplished by the height at which the hydrometer floated in water. The amount of salt in the water affects its density; therefore the hydrometer gave an accurate reading of salinity.
The measurements were taken at different points to make the water more diverse, but the water values for both water conditions differed a lot from what was measured. Water is a mix of water-containing organisms, water-rich mineral soils, water-rich mineral sources, surface and sediments, soil composition, pH, pH levels, surface or organic matter and salt content. Salinity varies with temperature ranging from ~12.0 to 20.0, with an average of 5.3. When salt is a large fraction of the organic matter and the salt content is low it makes up a lot of dissolved minerals, which are a major factor in water quality. The high amount of organic matter on the water level makes it a source of salt and other dissolved minerals. The pH and salinity of these substances is extremely important. The Salinity of Water from a Tank was measured by the amount of water the plant measured. It’s calculated in terms of the number of water molecules in the water, and based on the amount of dissolved water on the top and bottom. The water level was 656Âș, which is higher than the standard temperature in Russia and is the highest in the United States. The amount of salinity in one tank was 1.4 million units Fahrenheit, in a tank at 38ÂșC the percentage was 5.6 units. This is quite an astounding amount. When the pH of water in the tank dropped to 5.8, the concentration was lower than that in the other tanks. In contrast, in the same tank at 55ÂșC the concentration was 925 units and that concentration was just under half of what the same tank had. Of course the water at the base of the tank was only about 1.5 times higher than in the other tanks, which is why the low amount of salt helps to lower the risk of contamination from the plant. The actual water level during the summer.
The main points of the research are that although the pH and salinity in the tanks were not increased, water was slightly salty a few hours after harvesting. It also showed that there was no additional salinity due to the use of salt during the plant time for hydrometer.
Water can be found easily in the same area of soil as most people are accustomed to. The amount measured by the system is not as important as water levels.
One important step in the growth of a successful plant is to identify the types and concentrations of plants that are suitable habitats for growth. By looking specifically at the characteristics of the type of plants that are found in the waterbeds, it is often possible to locate other plants to provide a good overview of their characteristics, to help the designer to understand whether or not each of the types of plants are effective in producing water, including salt and other substances like calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, etc. Once the plant is identified it is then possible to make use of that information to further develop plant strategies and to enhance the development of these techniques. A few examples can be found in terms of different types of plants that can be found in various environments, along with related types of plants found on many terrains. It can take various methods to accomplish this through the development of this kind of information, not only as a general scientific tool but also as a means to study plants that depend on their environment and can be found in the same or other areas as the main plant species in that area. Such knowledge can be used to inform decision making in the management of water quality and
The measurements were taken at different points to make the water more diverse, but the water values for both water conditions differed a lot from what was measured. Water is a mix of water-containing organisms, water-rich mineral soils, water-rich mineral sources, surface and sediments, soil composition, pH, pH levels, surface or organic matter and salt content. Salinity varies with temperature ranging from ~12.0 to 20.0, with an average of 5.3. When salt is a large fraction of the organic matter and the salt content is low it makes up a lot of dissolved minerals, which are a major factor in water quality. The high amount of organic matter on the water level makes it a source of salt and other dissolved minerals. The pH and salinity of these substances is extremely important. The Salinity of Water from a Tank was measured by the amount of water the plant measured. It’s calculated in terms of the number of water molecules in the water, and based on the amount of dissolved water on the top and bottom. The water level was 656Âș, which is higher than the standard temperature in Russia and is the highest in the United States. The amount of salinity in one tank was 1.4 million units Fahrenheit, in a tank at 38ÂșC the percentage was 5.6 units. This is quite an astounding amount. When the pH of water in the tank dropped to 5.8, the concentration was lower than that in the other tanks. In contrast, in the same tank at 55ÂșC the concentration was 925 units and that concentration was just under half of what the same tank had. Of course the water at the base of the tank was only about 1.5 times higher than in the other tanks, which is why the low amount of salt helps to lower the risk of contamination from the plant. The actual water level during the summer.
The main points of the research are that although the pH and salinity in the tanks were not increased, water was slightly salty a few hours after harvesting. It also showed that there was no additional salinity due to the use of salt during the plant time for hydrometer.
Water can be found easily in the same area of soil as most people are accustomed to. The amount measured by the system is not as important as water levels.
One important step in the growth of a successful plant is to identify the types and concentrations of plants that are suitable habitats for growth. By looking specifically at the characteristics of the type of plants that are found in the waterbeds, it is often possible to locate other plants to provide a good overview of their characteristics, to help the designer to understand whether or not each of the types of plants are effective in producing water, including salt and other substances like calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, etc. Once the plant is identified it is then possible to make use of that information to further develop plant strategies and to enhance the development of these techniques. A few examples can be found in terms of different types of plants that can be found in various environments, along with related types of plants found on many terrains. It can take various methods to accomplish this through the development of this kind of information, not only as a general scientific tool but also as a means to study plants that depend on their environment and can be found in the same or other areas as the main plant species in that area. Such knowledge can be used to inform decision making in the management of water quality and
The water was also tested for the amounts of ammonium within the three tanks. The ammonium analysis began with a water sample from each tank. This was taken to the lab and diluted 1/10 with deionized water in a test tube. Three test tubs were used with 2.5 ml from the three different tanks and then the test tube was then filled with 22.5 ml of deionized water. Thirty drops of Mineral Reagent had to be placed in the test tubes, then 3 drops of poly-vinal alcohol. The last step was adding 1 ml of Nesslers Reagent, which had to be inverted before being placed in the spectrophotometer, which had a digital screen that produced the ammonium value. Oxygen levels were also taken, by a dissolved oxygen meter that measures the amount of oxygen dissolved in a unit volume of water.
AbstractIt has been previously shown that lobsters are osmoconformres, which implies that their blood osmolarity is similar to the environment in which they live. In this lab, we hypothesize that osmoconformity will occur in high salinity manifested as an increase in the osmolarity of hemolymph and in low salinity it will manifest as a decrease in the osmolarity of hemolymph. Therefore this experiment was to determine that lobsters in various salinities will osmoconform to their environment. In order to test that lobsters osmoconform, we had to extract approximately 1.0 ml hemolymph from their hemocyannin on the ventral first section of the pre-branchial region. The hemolymph was spun for three minutes in a microcentrifuge and the serum was then tested on an osmometer, which determined the osmolarity of the hemolymph. The results substantiated the hypothesis, in that, lobsters internal osmoles fluctuate with the salinity of the external environment. The two lobsters in the low salinity tank had the lowest osmolarity 0.746 osmoles; the two lobsters in the normal salinity had 0.873 osmoles. The last tank with the highest salinity had the lobsters with the highest osmolarity at 1.445 osmoles. Therefore our data suggests that lobsters osmoconform, with respect to the salinity of their environment by readjusting their intracellular solute concentration to prevent swelling or dehydration because the osmolarity of their hemolymph dictates that of the environment.