Google Inc. Case StudyGoogle Inc. Case StudyGoogle Inc. (NASDAQ: GOOG) is an American multinational Internet and software corporation specialized in Internet search, cloud computing, and advertising technologies. It hosts and develops a number of Internet-based services and products,[5] and generates profit primarily from advertising through its AdWords program.[6][7] The company was founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while they were both attending Stanford University.
Google was first incorporated as a privately held company on September 4, 1998, and its initial public offering followed on August 19, 2004. At that time Larry Page, Sergey Brin, and Eric Schmidt agreed to work together at Google for 20 years, until the year 2024.[8] The companys mission statement from the outset was “to organize the worlds information and make it universally accessible and useful”,[9] and the companys unofficial slogan is “Dont be evil”.[10][11] In 2006, the company moved to its current headquarters in Mountain View, California.
Googles rapid growth since its incorporation has triggered a chain of products, acquisitions, and partnerships beyond the companys core web search engine. The company offers online productivity software, such as the Gmail email service, the Google Docs office suite, and the Google+ social networking service. Googles products extend to the desktop as well, with applications such as the Google Chrome web browser, the Picasa photo organizing and editing software, and the Google Talk instant messaging application. Google leads the development of the Android mobile operating system, as well as the Google Chrome OS browser-only operating system,[12] found on specialized laptops called Chromebooks.
Google has been estimated to run over one million servers in data centers around the world,[13] and process over one billion search requests[14] and about twenty-four petabytes of user-generated data every day.[15][16][17][18] As of September 2009 Alexa listed the main U.S.-focused google.com site as the Internets most visited website, and numerous international Google sites as being in the top hundred, as well as several other Google-owned sites such as YouTube, Blogger and Orkut.[19] Google also ranks number two in the BrandZ brand equity database.[20] The dominant market position of Googles services has led to criticism of the company over issues including privacy, copyright, and censorship.[21][22]
Contents [hide]1 History1.1 Financing and initial public offering1.2 Growth1.3 Acquisitions and partnerships1.4 Google Data Centers2 Products and services2.1 Advertising2.2 Search engine2.3 Productivity tools2.4 Enterprise products2.5 Other products3 Corporate affairs and culture3.1 Employees3.2 Googleplex3.3 Easter eggs and April Fools Day jokes3.4 Philanthropy3.5 Network neutrality3.6 Privacy4 See also5 References6 External linksHistoryMain article: History of GoogleGoogles original homepage had a simple design since its founders were not experienced in HTML, the language for designing web pages.[23]Google began in January 1996 as a research project by Larry Page and Sergey Brin when they were both PhD students at Stanford University in California.[24]
Google was founded in 1995, starting from a single HTML document which created HTML and CSS. It quickly improved to a single browser, Chrome, a desktop-based version released on 4 November 1996.[25][26]In June 1999, the company developed a web UI that was developed by Siva Sivisham, a software architect and a Google Engineering Senior Team member for its first three years outside of Google.[26]Siva Sivisham was then an architect at the company at the original time.[27][28][29]In early 2000, Larry wrote code for a browser that was not yet HTML yet; the Web UI was later extended to the “SuperCollaborative HTML Code Editor”, which has now been ported to Android’s Google Play store.[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]Siva Sivisham and Sergey Brin joined Google’s engineering development team in 2005 as Google’s new core team directors, and were replaced by Richard Plepler,[37][38][39][40] who served as Director of Engineering and Lead Creative Engagement for The Web UI.Siva Sivisham’s role and responsibilities were to manage Google on a team as well as to carry out team-wide discussions and to coordinate code writing, development team design and implementation.[42][43][44][45][46][47]As part of this effort, Sergey was the lead programmer and CTO of the web version of Google’s products.In March 2003, Google’s engineers first made this announcement as they announced their new plans for Google’s next incarnation of the Web UI while in their Google Spring talk.[48][49]The Web UI was announced at Google’s annual Web Summit.The first Web UI to make it to Android devices on April 1, 2004.[50]A web app for Android was developed in early 2005.The first web UI was introduced in Android OS 1.12, however it wasn’t ready for prime time. Eventually, Google decided to change the name of Chrome to go against some developers intent on using OS 1.3 for apps, but it was not approved by Android developers.[51][52][53][54][55][56]Android users started to look in the new Web UI for other browsers. Chrome and Firefox were introduced at this time, some time in December 2004.[57][58][59]Later developers included Kunal Siva with the web UI.
[60][61]In 2006, Google began to upgrade Google’s Google app store that it started in 2006.[62] This means that the web application has now been updated to include the Web UI. There are a number of updates in the version of the Google app store, which has been kept in the Google Play Store and has been updated by Google engineers and has been used to show the App Store version being updated. Users can see that the Google apps and store
[25]Google’s first commercial success as a full-time publisher was the early 2007 publication of Word documents describing the Google Search business as a service, and the beginning of the company’s Google-focused operations.[26]Google’s Web search is now mostly considered to be a “free expression operation,” and though it’s currently under a contract with the University of California, San Diego, it will work with Google Search for its products in a future Google News business.[27]A company spokesperson confirmed as of February 2010 that Google’s website was under Google Search and said its plans for Google-branded news content were focused on a “new and exciting experience,” however the company also stated that Google News would be “using Google’s unique experience — its massive data-driven search, innovative team of researchers and top talent to provide a completely new audience to Google News.We are committed to providing the best mobile news in the mobile space and our content in-house is designed to provide users — the customers and publishers — a great daily experience”.[28]Google announced in October 2007 that it was setting up a research and development center at Stanford on the campus in Mountain View that would lead to a “satellite research and development center” with an active Google Engineering team which will also work with Alphabet.[29]Google also announced some of its other investments during the initial Google News business in 2011: The acquisition of a large portion of the business to purchase the remaining 10% of the company’s shareholdings in a recent IPO was disclosed to the public following major news events.Google announced in November 2011 that the company would work to acquire a large portion of its Google Business and the company will invest $10 billion in its infrastructure.[30] The company added in January 2014 that Google News would be its biggest business ever.Google also announced last June that it was raising about $10 billion in equity funding from Goldman Sachs and BlackRock, along with $2 billion from venture capital that is also investing in new companies that will make advertising and content relevant to the new Google News business platform with deep integration of Facebook and Google+.In June 2010, Google Inc. acquired Google Ventures , an investor outfit that had been working on developing its own media and content businesses with Google, to form Google News as a subsidiary and a wholly-owned subsidiary. After several years of work with Google Ventures it was announced that some of the money would ultimately be used for operating certain content and services such as “news” for the business by providing financial support, research, training and other support services to users by the media.Google Ventures reported that the acquisition was the largest new acquisition of its brand, and reported that Google “currently has a core team at Google Business that includes many of Google’s former employees.” In late March 2010, Google Ventures reported that it owned more than $800 million worth of convertible corporate notes issued by Google in 2013, and the company estimated that the notes were worth
[25]Google’s first commercial success as a full-time publisher was the early 2007 publication of Word documents describing the Google Search business as a service, and the beginning of the company’s Google-focused operations.[26]Google’s Web search is now mostly considered to be a “free expression operation,” and though it’s currently under a contract with the University of California, San Diego, it will work with Google Search for its products in a future Google News business.[27]A company spokesperson confirmed as of February 2010 that Google’s website was under Google Search and said its plans for Google-branded news content were focused on a “new and exciting experience,” however the company also stated that Google News would be “using Google’s unique experience — its massive data-driven search, innovative team of researchers and top talent to provide a completely new audience to Google News.We are committed to providing the best mobile news in the mobile space and our content in-house is designed to provide users — the customers and publishers — a great daily experience”.[28]Google announced in October 2007 that it was setting up a research and development center at Stanford on the campus in Mountain View that would lead to a “satellite research and development center” with an active Google Engineering team which will also work with Alphabet.[29]Google also announced some of its other investments during the initial Google News business in 2011: The acquisition of a large portion of the business to purchase the remaining 10% of the company’s shareholdings in a recent IPO was disclosed to the public following major news events.Google announced in November 2011 that the company would work to acquire a large portion of its Google Business and the company will invest $10 billion in its infrastructure.[30] The company added in January 2014 that Google News would be its biggest business ever.Google also announced last June that it was raising about $10 billion in equity funding from Goldman Sachs and BlackRock, along with $2 billion from venture capital that is also investing in new companies that will make advertising and content relevant to the new Google News business platform with deep integration of Facebook and Google+.In June 2010, Google Inc. acquired Google Ventures , an investor outfit that had been working on developing its own media and content businesses with Google, to form Google News as a subsidiary and a wholly-owned subsidiary. After several years of work with Google Ventures it was announced that some of the money would ultimately be used for operating certain content and services such as “news” for the business by providing financial support, research, training and other support services to users by the media.Google Ventures reported that the acquisition was the largest new acquisition of its brand, and reported that Google “currently has a core team at Google Business that includes many of Google’s former employees.” In late March 2010, Google Ventures reported that it owned more than $800 million worth of convertible corporate notes issued by Google in 2013, and the company estimated that the notes were worth
[25]Google’s first commercial success as a full-time publisher was the early 2007 publication of Word documents describing the Google Search business as a service, and the beginning of the company’s Google-focused operations.[26]Google’s Web search is now mostly considered to be a “free expression operation,” and though it’s currently under a contract with the University of California, San Diego, it will work with Google Search for its products in a future Google News business.[27]A company spokesperson confirmed as of February 2010 that Google’s website was under Google Search and said its plans for Google-branded news content were focused on a “new and exciting experience,” however the company also stated that Google News would be “using Google’s unique experience — its massive data-driven search, innovative team of researchers and top talent to provide a completely new audience to Google News.We are committed to providing the best mobile news in the mobile space and our content in-house is designed to provide users — the customers and publishers — a great daily experience”.[28]Google announced in October 2007 that it was setting up a research and development center at Stanford on the campus in Mountain View that would lead to a “satellite research and development center” with an active Google Engineering team which will also work with Alphabet.[29]Google also announced some of its other investments during the initial Google News business in 2011: The acquisition of a large portion of the business to purchase the remaining 10% of the company’s shareholdings in a recent IPO was disclosed to the public following major news events.Google announced in November 2011 that the company would work to acquire a large portion of its Google Business and the company will invest $10 billion in its infrastructure.[30] The company added in January 2014 that Google News would be its biggest business ever.Google also announced last June that it was raising about $10 billion in equity funding from Goldman Sachs and BlackRock, along with $2 billion from venture capital that is also investing in new companies that will make advertising and content relevant to the new Google News business platform with deep integration of Facebook and Google+.In June 2010, Google Inc. acquired Google Ventures , an investor outfit that had been working on developing its own media and content businesses with Google, to form Google News as a subsidiary and a wholly-owned subsidiary. After several years of work with Google Ventures it was announced that some of the money would ultimately be used for operating certain content and services such as “news” for the business by providing financial support, research, training and other support services to users by the media.Google Ventures reported that the acquisition was the largest new acquisition of its brand, and reported that Google “currently has a core team at Google Business that includes many of Google’s former employees.” In late March 2010, Google Ventures reported that it owned more than $800 million worth of convertible corporate notes issued by Google in 2013, and the company estimated that the notes were worth
While conventional search engines ranked results by counting how many times the search terms appeared on the page, the two theorized about a better system that analyzed the relationships between websites.[25] They called this new technology PageRank, where a websites relevance was determined by the number of pages, and the importance of those pages, that linked back to the original site.[26][27]
A small search engine called “RankDex” from IDD Information Services designed by Robin Li was, since 1996, already exploring a similar strategy for site-scoring and page ranking.[28] The technology in RankDex would be patented[29] and used later when Li founded