Inequality in the NewsroomEssay Preview: Inequality in the NewsroomReport this essayAt first glance, one may see numbers of female correspondents and news anchors on public television, read letters from female editors of fashion magazines, or read columns in newspapers written by famous female faces. If one looks farther, however, at statistics and studies, we find that women are not represented equally in the field of journalism at all. In a world that consists half of women, ratios in the workplace should reflect the gender percentages, especially in the media. In the United States, while women comprise about half of the professional workforce, only 33% of journalists are of the latter sex. Although their numbers are steadily increasing, women in the field of journalism are under represented (Jurkowitz).
In January of 2012, it was reported that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services released a report that showed disparities in the gender representation of journalists. Unfortunately, a large number of them weren’t the subject of the report—most were men. So, the National Center for Women and Families provided a detailed study based on the results of the National Women’s Law Journal about the disparities in gender disparity in journalism over the years. The article details a number of interesting research that has found that women report some, but not all, equal and equal in their stories and writing of stories (Cordova 2012).
In a 2012 article, published in the Washington Post, Susan B. Anthony of the National Women’s Law Journal made the following note: “But it seems that one of the biggest determinants of what the newsroom actually says about women in newsrooms is what they say about their work. … In most American workplaces, where two or more people are involved, at least a small proportion of new reporting is focused on women. A woman with a strong lead may want to hire someone. If I didn’t have to write about women on the same front, I wouldn’t have to.”
What is particularly ironic for the National Women’s Law Organization, the first woman law profession organization to address whether there was an equal amount of reporting in public media around the world (Cordova 2011) is that even in the media itself, there still seems to be some variation in the composition of and effectiveness of public reporting. If there truly is no difference in women’s reporting about newsrooms anywhere with much greater prominence to give a good summary of the reporting than about the media, how is it not possible to say on the issue that those reporting have different views about the role of women in the newsroom? Certainly, there is a significant variation between the media, with less or no overlap with the work of the press coverage of issues, but that is not the case for the media either. More evidence of this can be seen in the research on newspaper newsrooms published by the Center for Journalism and Mass Communication (CPM-MP). In a 2008 article for the University of Massachusetts, Amherst School of Liberal Arts, a large cohort of women were surveyed on the work of the editorial board of the Boston Herald. They were asked questions about their work and their knowledge of the newspapers and their own political views that informed their decisions about whether they would work for or against a newsroom that covered issues of particular relevance to the issue of the morning circulation. When there were no gaps in the responses, the women were asked which newsroom they thought was least likely to get a good answer to questions about whether the newspaper is a reliable newsroom for a story. The findings of that survey were analyzed again, and the results were similar.
But, let us give a different perspective: the survey of women in newsrooms revealed that of all journalists, only about half did not like the paper. When given the choice between being a journalist or not, nearly two-thirds who chose the paper said they preferred the paper. Women with only a passing knowledge of the work of a journalist did a significantly better job of covering newsrooms than those without. In
In January of 2012, it was reported that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services released a report that showed disparities in the gender representation of journalists. Unfortunately, a large number of them weren’t the subject of the report—most were men. So, the National Center for Women and Families provided a detailed study based on the results of the National Women’s Law Journal about the disparities in gender disparity in journalism over the years. The article details a number of interesting research that has found that women report some, but not all, equal and equal in their stories and writing of stories (Cordova 2012).
In a 2012 article, published in the Washington Post, Susan B. Anthony of the National Women’s Law Journal made the following note: “But it seems that one of the biggest determinants of what the newsroom actually says about women in newsrooms is what they say about their work. … In most American workplaces, where two or more people are involved, at least a small proportion of new reporting is focused on women. A woman with a strong lead may want to hire someone. If I didn’t have to write about women on the same front, I wouldn’t have to.”
What is particularly ironic for the National Women’s Law Organization, the first woman law profession organization to address whether there was an equal amount of reporting in public media around the world (Cordova 2011) is that even in the media itself, there still seems to be some variation in the composition of and effectiveness of public reporting. If there truly is no difference in women’s reporting about newsrooms anywhere with much greater prominence to give a good summary of the reporting than about the media, how is it not possible to say on the issue that those reporting have different views about the role of women in the newsroom? Certainly, there is a significant variation between the media, with less or no overlap with the work of the press coverage of issues, but that is not the case for the media either. More evidence of this can be seen in the research on newspaper newsrooms published by the Center for Journalism and Mass Communication (CPM-MP). In a 2008 article for the University of Massachusetts, Amherst School of Liberal Arts, a large cohort of women were surveyed on the work of the editorial board of the Boston Herald. They were asked questions about their work and their knowledge of the newspapers and their own political views that informed their decisions about whether they would work for or against a newsroom that covered issues of particular relevance to the issue of the morning circulation. When there were no gaps in the responses, the women were asked which newsroom they thought was least likely to get a good answer to questions about whether the newspaper is a reliable newsroom for a story. The findings of that survey were analyzed again, and the results were similar.
But, let us give a different perspective: the survey of women in newsrooms revealed that of all journalists, only about half did not like the paper. When given the choice between being a journalist or not, nearly two-thirds who chose the paper said they preferred the paper. Women with only a passing knowledge of the work of a journalist did a significantly better job of covering newsrooms than those without. In
Any writers role is to inform. Journalists must bring knowledge to societies of a broad range of subjects, channeling every group and each gender. In some circumstances, women are better represents of subjects because of their natural persona. A woman could hypothetically do a much better job of remaining sensitive and understanding in interviewing a rape victim about the crime, and then in writing about her findings, for example. Women are needed in the newsroom to represent their sex and to bring to the table things men cannot (Sullivan).
In a census gathered by the American Society of Newspaper Editors, statistics proved that the number of white women in the field of journalism declined in the last year by almost 1,100. A similar survey showed gender inequality in the newsroom. Almost half of the women polled planned to change jobs by relocating with another newspaper company or leaving the industry, while only one third of males at the same level said the same. The women also said they enjoyed their duties and responsibilities less than their male counterparts (Jurkowitz). At newspapers of top rated universities, only ten to twenty percent of columnists were women writers (Sullivan).
In Bangladesh, only four percent of women journalists remain in the “main stream” of journalism. They cite unfair and stereotyped attitudes and treatment, job insecurity, and harassment by males, as reasons for leaving the field (Women in Media). In Africa, at the Cameroon Tribune, there are eight female compared to thirty male journalists. The situation has improved, however, compared to the 1980s where there were just two or three women at the same newspaper (Lutes).
More and more women are striving to become writers. Throughout the past decade in Africa, the number of women who have made effort to join the field has doubled. In the 1980s, in journalism schools, it was possible to host three women in an enrollment of some 90 students (Cameroon). Today, in Pakistan at Karachi University, almost 80% of mass communication students are female. (Need for Women Representation). In the United States, women make up 64% of journalism and communication undergraduates and occupy two thirds of seats in journalism classrooms (Jurkowitz). As more women enroll in journalism schools worldwide than ever before, one might assume that the gender difference no longer exists. As statistics prove, however, women continue to suffer under representation (Lutes).
Although gender equality still is a relevant subject in the field of journalism, gaps have lessened since the 1900s when female writers were few and far between. Women who tried to inch their way into main stream media were poked fun at and ridiculed. The 1907 trial of Harry Kendall Thaw, an infamous Pittsburgh millionaire, for the murder of Stanford White, who supposedly seduced Thaws wife, received much publicity. The term, “sob sister,” was coined to poke fun at the four women journalists whose stories of the trial made the front page news and who received as much publicity as the case itself.
Denotating a female journalist who specialized insentimental or human-interest stories, or more generally,a woman writer who could wring tears, sob sister was incommon usage by 1910, thanks in part to the voluminousnewspaper coverage of the Thaw case between 1906 and1908 (Lutes).The term later went on to haunt any reporter who was a woman and now is considered a derogatory word termed to journalists whose writing elicits emotion (Lutes).
Some time ago, like in the case of the Thaw trial, it was rare to note a female writer. Since then, the number of women who are journalists has increased. The amount of stature all writers are credited, however, has not. “As womens numbers in male-dominated occupations increase, the prestige and income that go with them tend to decline, a pattern found in a variety of occupations, from telephone operator and secretary to psychotherapist” (Johnson 169).
Why do women journalists, as opposed to men, find it harder to achieve leadership positions, if any, in newsrooms? (See fig. 1.) Precilia Songs, a reporter for the Catholic Echoes radio program in Africa, said, “Women shy away from the print media because there is too much work. Newspaper publication demands a lot of reflection and can easily expose the shortcomings of a journalist” (Cameroon).
Fig. 1. The ratio of women journalists compared to the number of the latter in top leadership positions.Fig. 1. “Equality and Quality: Setting Standards for Women in Journalism.” Chart. International Federation of Journalists. 15 Apr. 2005 .Others cite unusual working shifts and the need for potential growth and mobility as reasons for the lack of women in newsrooms. The American Journalist Survey, conducted by the Indiana University School of Journalism in 2002, found that 43.5%