Copgras Delusion
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Copgras Delusion
Occurs when the amygdala is disconnected from the visual cortex
People have no emotional response to objects that they see
Ex. Man who though his parents were imposters
Does not occur over phone conversations
Recognition
Occurs at 114 msec or 10 times/second or 1/10 sec
It is when a match between perceptual input and a pattern (mental representation) in memory exceeds some criterion and conscious awareness of the pattern occurs
Rapid and unconscious
Temporal lobe
Lower portion of the temporal lobe which extends forward from the visual cortex is the declarative pathway of the visual system
It compares visual representations with representations of familiar faces and words
Middle portion of the temporal lobe which surrounds auditory area, organizes features matching auditory input into representations of phonemes
Logogen Model
A logogen is a criterion node that determines when the comparison between the input and representation in memory has made a match
A point where all the representations of a word come
The more of a perceptual representation that matches, the higher the activation
When the activation exceeds the criterion for the word represented by the logogen it is perceived and recognized
Accounts for word recognition
Frequency effect
High frequency words have low thresholds
If you use it a lot you are more conscious of it
Low frequency words have a higher threshold
The more that you see it, the better you are at processing it so you do it faster and see them quicker
Masking studies show evidence
Words more likely to be reported than non-words, high frequency more that low frequency
Redundant Pathways
3 parallel pathways for recognizing printed words
Visual whole word pathway activates meaning directly
Auditory whole word pathway activates sound of word and meaning through auditory pathway
Letter sequence sounds word out phonetically letter by letter
Takes longer
Speed affected by number of letters in word
Low frequency exception words will produce more mistakes
Proofreading
Because we use whole word pathway errors are difficult to detect in high-frequency words and words that preserve the shape
Homophone errors may be difficult to detect
Backward mask- mask is last
Forward mask- mask is first
Priming
The presentation of an item which affects the reaction time or probability with which another item is subsequently perceived
Subliminal
Activation of a node higher than its resting state but not higher than the threshold so later it will require less subsequent activation and will be easier to process
Requires a mask
Visible
May or may not need masking
Activated higher than threshold but is lowered
Repetition
Each presentation increases the activation until they exceed criterion
Form priming
Words activate the words in their neighborhood
Semantic
Activation spreads along semantically related logogens
Neely study
When there is a fast presentation you use automatic primes
When there is a slow presentation you use an expectation
Structural descriptions
Fire hydrant
You have an expectation of what to see and when they dont your reaction time is slower
Elements related by semantics and spatial associations
Evolution of language system
Larynx lowered
Laterlization of brain
Brocas area- speech production
Wernickes area- speech perception
Rand and Kimora studies
You can only pay attention to one sound at a time
Phonemes
Smallest parts of speech
Phonemes->words->phrases
Cooing vs. babbling
Cooing child makes random phonemes from all languages
At 6 mths only produce phonemes of language being acquired
Propositions
The purpose of language is to construct propositions (comprehension)