Spending and Achievement
Essay title: Spending and Achievement
Spending and Student Achievement Case
Case Problem Statement: There is some concern that spending may be unnecessarily out of control in many states. Higher education costs lead to higher taxes and residents are concerned there is no benefit in spending more because test scores are not always better just because more money is spent. Is there a relationship between money spent and test scores achieved?
a. The following are numerical and graphical data of the student spending case: The first table was sorted by least spent to most spent and adjacent to that are lowest scores to highest scores. This is a way to look at the data and see if there is any evidence that spending and scores might be related. The scatter diagram shows test scores in relation to money spent.
State
Spending
per Pupil ($)
Composite
Score
State
Spending
per Pupil ($)
Composite
Score
3,280
California
4,917
Mississippi
3,423
Hawaii
5,532
Alabama
3,777
Louisiana
4,049
Tennessee
3,800
Mississippi
3,423
Arizona
4,041
South Carolina
4,304
Louisiana
4,049
Alabama
3,777
Arkansas
4,060
Georgia
4,663
New Mexico
4,097
Florida
4,934
South Carolina
4,304
New Mexico
4,097
North Dakota
4,374
Arkansas
4,060
Missouri
4,483
Delaware
6,208
Texas
4,520
Tennessee
3,800
North Carolina
4,521
Arizona
4,041
Georgia
4,663
West Virginia
5,247
Colorado
4,772
Maryland
6,100
California
4,917
Kentucky
5,020
Florida
4,934
Texas
4,520
Montana
4,985
New York
8,162
Kentucky
5,020
North Carolina
4,521
5,060
Rhode Island
6,554
Indiana
5,128
Washington
5,338
West Virginia
5,247
Missouri
4,483
Washington
5,338
Colorado
4,772
Nebraska
5,410
Indiana
5,128
Minnesota
5,477
3,280
Wyoming
5,515
Wyoming
5,515
Hawaii
5,532
Connecticut
7,629
Maine
5,561
Massachusetts
6,413
Wisconsin
6,055
Nebraska
5,410
Maryland
6,100
Minnesota
5,477
Delaware
6,208
5,060
Massachusetts
6,413
Montana
4,985
Rhode Island
6,554
Wisconsin
6,055
Connecticut
7,629
North Dakota
4,374
New York
8,162
Maine
5,561
b. Based on the Excel output only 12.3% of the scores correlate with money spent a clear indication that there is no relationship between the amount of money spent and the scores achieved.
SUMMARY OUTPUT
Regression Statistics
Multiple R
0.351698
R Square
0.123691
Adjusted R Square
0.096307
Standard Error
25.1825
Observations
ANOVA