Ethical Implications of Outsourcing
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Ethical Implications of Outsourcing
Shawn Schneider
University of Phoenix
Michael Osby
MGT216
May 18, 2009
Ethical Implications of Outsourcing
For several years, many companies have turned to outsourcing income tax preparation and income tax return filing to companies in other countries to improve performance. The act of outsourcing a companys tax preparation is reasonable if the company is confident with the servicing company which is contracted; by outsourcing one part of the business they can use resources in other areas (Mintz, 2004). What happens when a tax preparation company outsources customer tax preparation and tax return filing to other countries? When an individual takes personal and financial information to a tax preparation company an expectation of confidentially is entrusted to the company. What implications may arise when a company does not disclose their true intentions?
Statistics
The estimated number of income tax returns prepared by an Accountant in India in 2002 is 25,000; the estimated number of American income tax returns prepared in India for 2004 was close to 100,000 and the numbers are expected to grow exponentially each year. The companies which are outsourcing income tax returns allege they employ “either Chartered Accountants or Indian Chartered Accountant candidates trained in U.S.-based tax law and tax return preparation” (Brody, Miller, & Rolleri, 2004). The number of American income tax returns being processed by individuals in India could grow to be a much higher number than those prepared and filed in the U.S.
Ethics of Companies
When a company desires to outsource to another company whether within its nation or abroad they must be certain the company in which they will contract has the same ethical standards as their company. When companies work together without similar ethical standards the consumer normally gets the brunt of consequences. The way to see what level of ethical standards another company has is in the wake of a crisis. When a crisis arises and individuals must react quickly to make resolution, the actions are normally not as thought as they would be in a normal situation. If the company reacts in an ethically correct manner the presumption is that they possess high ethical standards (Sivaswany, 2005).
Benefits
Lower costs are the reason U.S.-based companies turn to outsourcing beyond their own borders. The cost of living and standard of living in India is less than in the U.S. which lowers the wage cost to the tax preparation and return preparation companies. The lower cost of the tax preparation and tax return means a lower cost to the consumer. To hire an American based CPA firm to do tax preparation and tax return is substantially higher than that of a company which outsources to India. When a company outsources to firms in India the prices are set; the individuals pay by the “number of source documents provided (Brody, Miller, & Rolleri, 2004). Do the lower costs outweigh the possibility of lost confidentiality?
Information Processes
The process of sharing information between the outsourcing company and the India based Accounting Firm is that of electronic data transfer. One might question the confidentiality of this type of information transmittal. The claims of companies is that the security of the electronic transmittal over a secure internet connection is much more safe than the average CPA Firm an individual might take income taxes to for preparation and filing (Brody, Miller, & Rolleri, 2004).
Companies outsourcing to overseas companies means that the security of personal and financial information is in the hands of companies both inside and outside of the U.S. for security of the information. A breach in the security can be costly to tax preparation companies; consumers have an expectation of the companies they contract to keep their personal and financial information safe. When the security measures a company takes are not sufficient the ability of hackers stealing information is elevated (Brody, Miller, & Rolleri, 2004).
Disclosure of Information
Liability Insurance companies urge tax preparation and tax return companies to incorporate “a disclosure of electronic communication devices into the tax engagement letter” (Brody, Miller,