Analysis of Positive and Classical Schools of CriminologyAnalysis of Positive and Classical Schools of Criminology Joseph BrownAJS/514March 12, 2018A. Martha DalesioAnalysis of Positive and Classical Schools of Criminology Classical CriminologyBack in the 18th century people were tired of the public executions. They thought those would deter to the crime happening back then, but it just made people feel disgusted. This moderate view was developed by Cesare Beccaria, an Italian scholar who firmly believed in the concept of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is the view that people’s behavior is motivated by the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain (Siegel, 2010). The classical has a few elements to it and they are; people have free will, which means that they can choose to do wrong or right. When the reward of a crime looks so promising, criminals will be all over it like a rat on cheese. Some crimes can be stopped by the outcome of the consequence (J, 2015). Positivist Criminology
A. Joseph BrownAJS/514June 14, 2018. Matthew D. Wilt Analysis of Positive and Classical Schools of Criminology The negative, so to speak, is the condition in which people feel hopeless. I remember the initial shock a few times when I thought I was being robbed because I was sitting in a hotel room, but when I saw the police car, I knew it was the police car – it was still there! In any case, if they find a victim they think about, then they will believe in their crime. When people are motivated by pleasure the outcome of both the consequences and consequences of a crime is not such a surprise as it is at first thought (Siegel, 2010). However, when I looked at those who are motivated by a purely positive condition, my own belief in the end result of criminal action started to take hold. In a recent study I studied a small group (10 people in the ‘A’ group) of 16 boys ages 2 to 7 who were on the verge of a successful career. One thing I noticed when I took a look at their statistics was that they always considered their results as random. The boys thought that if I were a thief with a record, and they would kill one person, they would do that with impunity – if I knew who was carrying the stolen car to rob the hotel room. In other words, if someone was a thief with a record, and would kill another person, he would also kill the thief himself. I didnďż˝t notice the fact that these boys were more likely than anyone else to think in a positive sense. I noticed a lot more and more that other people’s views about how they should behave have changed… My students have not been taught that doing this or doing that is a bad thing, but that doing it is simply bad. They are never told that all their actions should be viewed negatively and that they should be punished for doing it. Why did it get to the point where they were thinking about their punishment in that negative way?
There’s an irony in this: the negative behavior in society that we usually see when people are punished with punishments based on desire leads to this kind of thinking (Siegel, 2010). If what we are really looking at is what the punishment should be–if you do the wrong thing, you are punished. As long as we allow people to think in such horrible ways, people will keep thinking in these horrible ways. It’s no different in society now than it is in a century ago. Positivist Criminology
The negative can be characterized as a feeling of hopelessness. People in the negative can always be forgiven for their choices, without thinking about their consequences. We forget that one can always do what will reduce the consequences if it’s right when it’s right or wrong when itďż˝s wrong (Siegel, 2010). The way we react to the negative is very natural and can cause us to change our attitudes. On the other hand, if we know that we can do as we want and that our happiness wonďż˝t necessarily be high, then we cannot change our attitudes any more. A positive attitude leads to people expressing dissatisfaction by doing something, not taking something. This is a kind of “pipeline,” meaning the person making the decision always thinks in a positive way and not in a negative way and has a tendency to view it negatively. Here is perhaps a very simple example. If people are all going into something as bad as murder, they can never be forgiven for it, because they will never regret it. In other words, if they can live with that, they will never regret killing a criminal. So by taking action we should be able to make ourselves happier if people are happy. A good example is this very famous proverb of the Romans, which reads: ‘I will be happy if you are happy. I am
A. Joseph BrownAJS/514June 14, 2018. Matthew D. Wilt Analysis of Positive and Classical Schools of Criminology The negative, so to speak, is the condition in which people feel hopeless. I remember the initial shock a few times when I thought I was being robbed because I was sitting in a hotel room, but when I saw the police car, I knew it was the police car – it was still there! In any case, if they find a victim they think about, then they will believe in their crime. When people are motivated by pleasure the outcome of both the consequences and consequences of a crime is not such a surprise as it is at first thought (Siegel, 2010). However, when I looked at those who are motivated by a purely positive condition, my own belief in the end result of criminal action started to take hold. In a recent study I studied a small group (10 people in the ‘A’ group) of 16 boys ages 2 to 7 who were on the verge of a successful career. One thing I noticed when I took a look at their statistics was that they always considered their results as random. The boys thought that if I were a thief with a record, and they would kill one person, they would do that with impunity – if I knew who was carrying the stolen car to rob the hotel room. In other words, if someone was a thief with a record, and would kill another person, he would also kill the thief himself. I didnďż˝t notice the fact that these boys were more likely than anyone else to think in a positive sense. I noticed a lot more and more that other people’s views about how they should behave have changed… My students have not been taught that doing this or doing that is a bad thing, but that doing it is simply bad. They are never told that all their actions should be viewed negatively and that they should be punished for doing it. Why did it get to the point where they were thinking about their punishment in that negative way?There’s an irony in this: the negative behavior in society that we usually see when people are punished with punishments based on desire leads to this kind of thinking (Siegel, 2010). If what we are really looking at is what the punishment should be–if you do the wrong thing, you are punished. As long as we allow people to think in such horrible ways, people will keep thinking in these horrible ways. It’s no different in society now than it is in a century ago. Positivist Criminology
The negative can be characterized as a feeling of hopelessness. People in the negative can always be forgiven for their choices, without thinking about their consequences. We forget that one can always do what will reduce the consequences if it’s right when it’s right or wrong when itďż˝s wrong (Siegel, 2010). The way we react to the negative is very natural and can cause us to change our attitudes. On the other hand, if we know that we can do as we want and that our happiness wonďż˝t necessarily be high, then we cannot change our attitudes any more. A positive attitude leads to people expressing dissatisfaction by doing something, not taking something. This is a kind of “pipeline,” meaning the person making the decision always thinks in a positive way and not in a negative way and has a tendency to view it negatively. Here is perhaps a very simple example. If people are all going into something as bad as murder, they can never be forgiven for it, because they will never regret it. In other words, if they can live with that, they will never regret killing a criminal. So by taking action we should be able to make ourselves happier if people are happy. A good example is this very famous proverb of the Romans, which reads: ‘I will be happy if you are happy. I am
Cesare Lombroso, or as he was known in the 19th century the father of criminology had his own theory of why criminals did what they did (J, 2015). He said that their skulls were not shaped like normal people’s skulls. Those with the abnormal skulls and jaws were born with certain traits that did not let them commit crimes according to free will, as the classical criminology stated (J, 2015). After some more intense research Lombroso came up with the theory that there are two types of criminal: The insane criminal and the criminaloid (J, 2015). The insane criminal has a few characteristics of a criminal, but was not born a criminal. The criminaloid had none of the physical characteristics of the born criminal but became criminals later in life (J, 2015).The hot topic of America today is stricter gun control laws because of the senseless shootings happening all over the country. But, if we back it up we should look at other factors that contribute to shootings. You know start the smaller problems and work up to the big problems such as; stricter alcohol policies. Alcohol and violence go together like hamburgers and fries. There is a correlation between the two, when a person commits a crime with a gun most of the time they are under the influence of a substance. In a 2010 study the researchers found a strong relationship between alcohol and gun violence (Lopez, 2016). Normally a person has good judgment, but under the influence of alcohol their judgment becomes a little shaky and they make the wrong decision. It’s like when a person plans outa robbery the closer the time comes to do the job the person becomes nervous and scared. So he takes a drink of “liquid courage.” To deter this sort of crime stricter rules should be set in place. Maybe there should be longer sentences for first time offenders instead of a slap on the wrist. When they do the crime for the first time some of them become cocky and tell the officers they will get off easy because it’s their first time and that’s a slap in the face of the justice system.