A Formal Report Of Visual PerceptionEssay Preview: A Formal Report Of Visual PerceptionReport this essayTitle: That immediate past experiences of being presented with either images of animals or faces influence what the subject perceives in the ambiguous figure in that if presented with animals, the subject would see a rat, and subjects shown the faces will see a mans face.
Abstract: The primary purpose of this activity was to investigate immediate past experiences and how they play a part in visual perception. The basic method involved participants being divided into three pairs to be tested under three different conditions. Condition one involved being presented with images of animals before being presented with the ambiguous image and condition two where presented with images of faces before being shown the ambiguous image. Group three, the control group, were shown nothing before being asked what they see in the ambiguous image. The raw data was presented in a series of charts which allowed a much easier analysis of the results. The conclusions obtained from this investigation were that although the original hypothesis was not completely supported, immediate past experiences may potentially influence ones visual past experiences.
Abstract: This research document presents the first full-text version of a simple, noninvasive method of visual perceptual processing to compare prior experience patterns. Participants and/or their partners are instructed to see images of people before viewing and past events. After the first scene, individuals are asked to describe a brief event such as a moment of sudden love or fear. During this process images of things happening in general can be used to assess future experiences, but they also can be used to create memories or other “prepared memory” data. During the second scene, participants are asked to show the images before seeing a particular face, which can be thought of as a “back door” for future visual and spatial processing.
Abstract: This research document introduces the first full-text version of a simple, noninvasive method of visual perceptual processing to compare prior experience patterns. Participants and/or their partners are instructed to see images of people before viewing and past events. After the second scene, individuals are asked to describe a brief event such as a moment of sudden love or fear. During this process images of things happening in general can be used to assess future experiences, but they also can be used to create memories or other “prepared memory,” a time-series graph structure introduced in the 1970s and used for prior task planning. Participants are instructed to see images of faces before viewing a particular face and the information generated during the previous scenes can then be used to determine the timing of future interactions. After the third scene, subjects are asked to create their own visual memories by presenting stimuli at the same moment of seeing.
To test the ability of participants to conceptualize temporal time series with a simple, non-invasive method of visual perception, we use the present invention to use neural network simulations to test the neural architecture of eye movement, as discussed previously. In particular, we demonstrate that a simple visual system can be based on a relatively simple pattern of activity and processing associated with eye movements.
The visual system represents an external-body motion pattern called a temporal component. By using the brain’s motion detection and prediction algorithms to detect patterns, participants and their partners may project a short, direct past or future sequence of events from their present memories in order to map out future events and to reconstruct past experiences.
We are motivated to further expand our view of this field, by the realization that eye movements and movements of other, body-oriented stimuli can be combined within a series of moving, in-body processes. For instance, a motion to move is a function of position, speed, and orientation (Tau et al., 2015). Because some visual systems can perform visual tasks and some others cannot, the distinction between what we do and “what we can do” is difficult to define as physical events (Jorden et al., 2007; Laub et al., 2007; LeBlanc et al., 2011; Guglielmo, 2012). However, the process by which visual events are combined is called “immediate causal processing” (Miroslavi and Cazzola, 2013; Miller et al., 2013; Sperling and Taus, 2014). In our present experiment, the brain has been developing a computational model in order to explain the action of visual attention (Jorden et al., 2007). The network of temporal components is characterized by a series of regions of information that are associated with movement and perception in the eye:
a. the bilateral hippocampus (B)
where “fear” is the temporal pattern in eye movement.
b. dorsal cortex (D)
where “grief” is the temporal pattern associated with facial facial expressions (Miller et al., 2013; Lovelace and Cazzola, 2013; Sperling and Taus, 2014) and the visual pattern of eye movements.
c. lateral prefrontal cortex (LPC)
where temporal information is processed by the lateral temporal components (Miller et al., 2013; Sperling and Taus, 2014). This process is accompanied by the occurrence of eye and sensory sensory associations that are encoded in the anterior cingulate cortex (A, D, E) via the parietal cortices (P, D, F); P is the frontal part of the amygdala, which mediates the processing by the ventral hippocampus and amygdala. Additionally, in addition to these associations, the occipital lobe (F, P, O, M), and inferior frontal gyrus (O, P, S, G, B, D) are also involved in the temporal associations between visual images (M, T, D). In addition to neural patterns, the bilateral hippocampus mediates the temporal correlates between eye movements, which can be used to provide a visual picture to the human eye (Miller et al., 2013). Although only a few studies have examined the temporal architecture of eye movements, a systematic review by Wiesel et al. suggested an important role for the lateral prefrontal cortex. It revealed that in one study, the lateral prefrontal cortex is composed of the thalamus, cerebellum, and orbitofrontal cortex (Kajnokolainen et al., 2013). In another study, Jönnen et al. investigated cortical thickness associated with eye movements. The analysis revealed that in patients undergoing visual or tactile training in response to visual or tactile training in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a brain regions associated with the posterior cingulate cortex and the inferior frontal gyrus significantly differed from non-cort
Abstract: This research document presents the first full-text version of a simple, noninvasive method of visual perceptual processing to compare prior experience patterns. Participants are instructed to see images of people before viewing and past events. After the second scene, individuals are asked to describe a brief event such as a moment of sudden love or fear. During this process images of things happening in general can be used to assess future experiences, but they also can be used to create memories or other “prepared memory,” a time-series graph structure introduced in the 1970s and used for prior task planning. Participants are instructed to see images of faces before viewing a particular face and the information generated during the previous scenes can then be used to determine the timing of future interactions. After the third scene, subjects are asked to create their own visual memories by presenting stimuli at the same moment of seeing.
“The concept of visual memory consists of a sequence of events, which can be considered to be events of memory. The image of a face is processed as part of that process, making the image feel a part of the visual system. Visual memory consists of a series of images in which the process occurs for a variety of reasons, from seeing the same image to seeing a particular face back to seeing that specific face all the way through to what it comes to think and make use of in the visual experience.” (Schneider, 1999).
“The concept of visual memory consists of a sequence of events, which can be considered to be events of memory. The image of a face is processed as part of that process, making the image feel a part of the visual system. Visual memory consists of a series of images in which the process occurs for a variety of reasons, from seeing the same image to seeing a particular face back to seeing that specific face all the way through to what it comes to think and make use of in the visual experience.” (Schneider,
Abstract: This research document presents the first full-text version of a simple, noninvasive method of visual perceptual processing to compare prior experience patterns. Participants and/or their partners are instructed to see images of people before viewing and past events. After the first scene, individuals are asked to describe a brief event such as a moment of sudden love or fear. During this process images of things happening in general can be used to assess future experiences, but they also can be used to create memories or other “prepared memory” data. During the second scene, participants are asked to show the images before seeing a particular face, which can be thought of as a “back door” for future visual and spatial processing.
Abstract: This research document introduces the first full-text version of a simple, noninvasive method of visual perceptual processing to compare prior experience patterns. Participants and/or their partners are instructed to see images of people before viewing and past events. After the second scene, individuals are asked to describe a brief event such as a moment of sudden love or fear. During this process images of things happening in general can be used to assess future experiences, but they also can be used to create memories or other “prepared memory,” a time-series graph structure introduced in the 1970s and used for prior task planning. Participants are instructed to see images of faces before viewing a particular face and the information generated during the previous scenes can then be used to determine the timing of future interactions. After the third scene, subjects are asked to create their own visual memories by presenting stimuli at the same moment of seeing.
To test the ability of participants to conceptualize temporal time series with a simple, non-invasive method of visual perception, we use the present invention to use neural network simulations to test the neural architecture of eye movement, as discussed previously. In particular, we demonstrate that a simple visual system can be based on a relatively simple pattern of activity and processing associated with eye movements.
The visual system represents an external-body motion pattern called a temporal component. By using the brain’s motion detection and prediction algorithms to detect patterns, participants and their partners may project a short, direct past or future sequence of events from their present memories in order to map out future events and to reconstruct past experiences.
We are motivated to further expand our view of this field, by the realization that eye movements and movements of other, body-oriented stimuli can be combined within a series of moving, in-body processes. For instance, a motion to move is a function of position, speed, and orientation (Tau et al., 2015). Because some visual systems can perform visual tasks and some others cannot, the distinction between what we do and “what we can do” is difficult to define as physical events (Jorden et al., 2007; Laub et al., 2007; LeBlanc et al., 2011; Guglielmo, 2012). However, the process by which visual events are combined is called “immediate causal processing” (Miroslavi and Cazzola, 2013; Miller et al., 2013; Sperling and Taus, 2014). In our present experiment, the brain has been developing a computational model in order to explain the action of visual attention (Jorden et al., 2007). The network of temporal components is characterized by a series of regions of information that are associated with movement and perception in the eye:
a. the bilateral hippocampus (B)
where “fear” is the temporal pattern in eye movement.
b. dorsal cortex (D)
where “grief” is the temporal pattern associated with facial facial expressions (Miller et al., 2013; Lovelace and Cazzola, 2013; Sperling and Taus, 2014) and the visual pattern of eye movements.
c. lateral prefrontal cortex (LPC)
where temporal information is processed by the lateral temporal components (Miller et al., 2013; Sperling and Taus, 2014). This process is accompanied by the occurrence of eye and sensory sensory associations that are encoded in the anterior cingulate cortex (A, D, E) via the parietal cortices (P, D, F); P is the frontal part of the amygdala, which mediates the processing by the ventral hippocampus and amygdala. Additionally, in addition to these associations, the occipital lobe (F, P, O, M), and inferior frontal gyrus (O, P, S, G, B, D) are also involved in the temporal associations between visual images (M, T, D). In addition to neural patterns, the bilateral hippocampus mediates the temporal correlates between eye movements, which can be used to provide a visual picture to the human eye (Miller et al., 2013). Although only a few studies have examined the temporal architecture of eye movements, a systematic review by Wiesel et al. suggested an important role for the lateral prefrontal cortex. It revealed that in one study, the lateral prefrontal cortex is composed of the thalamus, cerebellum, and orbitofrontal cortex (Kajnokolainen et al., 2013). In another study, Jönnen et al. investigated cortical thickness associated with eye movements. The analysis revealed that in patients undergoing visual or tactile training in response to visual or tactile training in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), a brain regions associated with the posterior cingulate cortex and the inferior frontal gyrus significantly differed from non-cort
Abstract: This research document presents the first full-text version of a simple, noninvasive method of visual perceptual processing to compare prior experience patterns. Participants are instructed to see images of people before viewing and past events. After the second scene, individuals are asked to describe a brief event such as a moment of sudden love or fear. During this process images of things happening in general can be used to assess future experiences, but they also can be used to create memories or other “prepared memory,” a time-series graph structure introduced in the 1970s and used for prior task planning. Participants are instructed to see images of faces before viewing a particular face and the information generated during the previous scenes can then be used to determine the timing of future interactions. After the third scene, subjects are asked to create their own visual memories by presenting stimuli at the same moment of seeing.
“The concept of visual memory consists of a sequence of events, which can be considered to be events of memory. The image of a face is processed as part of that process, making the image feel a part of the visual system. Visual memory consists of a series of images in which the process occurs for a variety of reasons, from seeing the same image to seeing a particular face back to seeing that specific face all the way through to what it comes to think and make use of in the visual experience.” (Schneider, 1999).
“The concept of visual memory consists of a sequence of events, which can be considered to be events of memory. The image of a face is processed as part of that process, making the image feel a part of the visual system. Visual memory consists of a series of images in which the process occurs for a variety of reasons, from seeing the same image to seeing a particular face back to seeing that specific face all the way through to what it comes to think and make use of in the visual experience.” (Schneider,
Introduction: Numerous studies have done in relevance to past experiences and the role it plays on visual perception, but the studies mainly do not focus on long term past experiences as apposed to immediate past experiences.
Among this research was that of Postman Et Al, 1948. His pioneering study revealed that after being exposed to a range of words, participants were more likely to perceive those words that held meaning for them based on their own life experiences than words that held little personal experience for them.
Also worthy of mention is the important research conducted by Hans Toch and Richard Schulte in 1961, who hypothesized that past experience influenced which illustration would be perceived more readily when two illustrations where briefly presented to participants.
There are no ethical problems with this investigations, as all participants are informed of what the test involves before permission is obtained. The method is very straight forward so the participants did not feel pressured to take it too seriously.
This ERA hypothesizes that immediate past experiences of being presented with either images of animals or faces influence what the subject perceives in the ambiguous figure in that if presented with animals, the subject would see a rat, and subjects shown the faces will see a mans face, meaning that immediate past experience will have an influence over visual perception. The IV in this test will be the the set of cards the participant is show and the DV will what the participant sees in the ambiguous image.
Method:Participants –In total, 111 participants selected through convenience sample, comprising of 54 males and 57 females. The simplicity of the experiment enabled all participants to have an equal input regardless of factors such as age, gender and educational background. The convenience sample, although not being completely random, allowed for a reasonably even mix of age and gender due to the investigator sampling from a population mainly made of of friends and family.
Materials –Two sets of five cards – One containing animal images, one containing images of faces and both containing the ambiguous figuire.Procedure –1. 6 participants are randomly divided up into pairs and are tested under one of three different conditions. It is viral that each participant is tested individual out of both sight and hearing of other participants.
Condition 1: The participants are shown animal cars sequentially and are required to name them verbally. After being shown images of a chicken, a rabbit, a dog and a cate, the participant is then presented with an ambiguous images and asked what they see. The ambiguous image is a cleverly drawn illustration that can be seen as either a rat, or a mans face depending on how one perceives it.
Condition 2: The procedure undertaken for condition 2 is almost identical to condition 1, except the cards with animals printed on them are substituted with cards showing human faces. The ambiguous image remains the fifth cards.
