Kkk Not a Fringe Movement
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After the Civil War was over it was nearly impossible for many of the Southerners to go back to their lives. They no longer had slaves, their family and friends were killed, and their homes and land were destroyed. The state government no longer existed and northern soldiers were now in charge. The whites right to vote was gone, and it instead was given to the uneducated former slaves. Six white men met on Christmas Eve, 1865, in Pulaski, near the Alabama border of Tennessee to form a club which would help support the former Confederate soldiers after the restless days of the Civil War and to have fun. They made white ghost like costumes that covered everything but their eyes, nose, mouth and hands. They began referring to their secret organization as the jolly six or the thespians. They rode around the town dressed up as ghost of Confederate soldiers in order to scare the ex-slaves. The club name however, was changed to Ku Klux Klan after the Greek word kuklos, which means circle and the word clan, which means family. Although the Klan was originally just a group of men trying to have fun, it became much more than simply just a fringe movement; it became a central part of American society.
The Klan started off as a fun way for men to forget about how hard life was. After the KKK was created, the members developed titles for the various officers, choosing the most preposterous (change word maybe?) names possible. The outrageous names were chosen for the fun of it, but also to keep the organization separate from the government and the military. Initiation ceremonies for new members were also developed. The ceremonies were similar to hazing done in colleges and clubs. The new members were blindfolded and forced to perform silly (word choice?) acts and recite ridiculous oaths. They were then brought to the royal altar, which was actually a mirror, and where the royal crown, which was actually two donkey ears, was placed on their heads.
Even though, the Klan was started by six men in Tennessee its popularity quickly spread, as more and more people learned the power that they had. They were able to use fear to get the newly freed blacks and their supporters to act as they wanted. Places where the economic distinction between the blacks and the whites was less pronounced accepted the Klan almost immediately, fearing that the blacks might easily equate themselves with the whites. The KKK was most active in the nine states from Tennessee and the Carolinas to Mississippi, Arkansas, and Texas. Although the Klan was not common in large cities, the tidewater and costal areas, or the delta and black-belt areas, it was active in all states to some degree.
As the membership of the Ku Klux Klan began to soar the ideas and the goals of the Klan changed. The KKK originally was only against blacks and black defenders. But they later become defenders of conservative protestant denominations. The Klan believed that the whites were the superior race; they both feared and hated Jews, Catholics, immigrants, and African Americans. The KKK claimed to fight lawlessness and immortality such as; gambling, prostitution, homosexuality, and miscegenation. It portrayed itself as the champion of religion and morality. The Klans vowed goals were to protect God, country, house, womanhood, the south, but most importantly white supremacy.
The increase in membership and the change in the beliefs of the Klan led also to an increase in violence. It was no longer enough to just scare the people that the Klansmen were trying to control. The common practice of dressing in costumes and riding to the homes of black families and asking for water, ceased to be enough. The riders used to be able to scare the blacks by pretending to drink several well buckets of water. But in fact they were actually pouring the water through a tube and into a bottle beneath their robe. The Klansmen then would say that they had not had a drink since they died on the battlefield. But as time progressed, the Klan began resorting to more violent means, they began whipping, shooting, lynching, and even tar and feathering people, in order to add fear and demonstrate their power. The violence of the Klan kept many blacks out of running for political positions and out of taking certain jobs.
Within a matter of years the violence of the Klan got extremely out of control. Even many Klan members admitted that the night riding was reaching the point of too much, “anyone could put on a sheet and a mask and ride into the night to commit assault, robbery, rape, arson, or murder” (A Hundred Years of Terror) without anyone accusing people other then the Klansmen.
In the beginning joining the Klan and being able to participate in these kinds of violent acts gave many people incentive to join. They wanted to be able to control the newly freed slaves and black supporters (needs different word). Others felt a sense of power from being part of the KKK and it enabled them to blame their economic problems on someone else, such as, the African Americans (Check comas). The pride achieved from being part of the Klan caused the membership to reach over two hundred thousand in 1922, and to increase dramatically so that the Klan was able to boast more than three million members nationwide. (Sorta awkward).
With the increase in membership there was also an increase in the number of politicians who were members, and the power that they were able to give to the Because the majority of the members kept their identity secret it was hard for people to know who was and who wasnt involved. Government leaders, who appeared to be against the Klan, were in some cases actually extremely active members. Texas Senator, Earl B. Mayfield became a Klan member in 1923. Other Klansmen consisted of Board of Police commissioners, many jurors, sheriffs, and police officers, even some county judges were Klansmen. Having members involved with the court system, the Klan was able to ensure that if violent acts were in fact committed by Klan members, they would be able to get away with them. Having political leaders proved to be an advantage for the political politicians. With the whole Klan in support of their political members, it was easy for them to get elected. The Klan always tried to gain spots in the government to help increase their power. “At least eight governors and a dozen US senators were elected on the strength of the Klans backing, along with scores of local officials” (The Klan on Parade).
The power of the Klan was not only demonstrated in political elections, the KKK also influenced many governmental decisions. “Klan lobbying had been crucial in persuading Congress to pass Anti-immigration Act in 1924” (The Klan on Parade). (Can