Cross Cultural Management Of IndiaEssay Preview: Cross Cultural Management Of IndiaReport this essayWe choose India to be an observational country because India’s links with Hong Kong, dating back to the 1840s, have led to the territory having one of the larger Indian communities abroad, with current estimated numbers being about 35,000, of whom nearly 23,000 hold Indian passports. Due to their long presence, the Indians have been able to integrate themselves into the mainstream of Hong Kong life, as can be seen by the number of second- and third-generation persons of Indian origin who speak fluent Cantonese and feel quite at home in Hong Kong.
On the other hand, India as the same as China, the worlds largest democracy, with the second largest population that reached 1.02 billion in 2001, is also one of the largest developing countries in the world to have gone in for a major revamp of its economic structures over the past decade.
The India Governments policies are relatively simple, transparent and geared towards promoting domestic and foreign private investment. External trade has been liberalised through lowering of tariffs and progressive reduction of import controls. Tax rates, both corporate and personal, have been rationalised and compare favourably with other major world economies.
The Indian economy has, since 1991, undergone profound changes not only in its direction, but also its fundamental structures and underpinnings. The deliberate change from a command economy based on a socialist market model to that of a market economy with a human face has led to major readjustments. As a result, there has been greater reliance on technology, improvement of systems, streamlining of procedures relating to approvals, and general reduction in the involvement of the government in the business of running businesses. These changes have been reflected across the Indian economic landscape, resulting in a faster growing economy, with increasingly stable fundamentals. At the same time, the economy has also been able to integrate itself into the global economic mainstream, with participation in global multilateral institutions, and a willingness to accept new ideas and challenges.
The Economic Research Institute at the Government of India (GIRI) is an interdisciplinary and non-profit research facility providing analytical and policy analysis and policy commentary to policymakers, the community, and the wider global public on issues of economic governance, trade and energy security, the quality of energy, and growth and the opportunities that arise from an integrated and robust international economic order. For more information please visit www.giri.ie, visit http://www.giri.ie/
The Centre for Energy, Environment and Innovation is one of the most promising open research institutions in India. The organization recently secured $1.5-million (Dh2) for a new facility to meet and address a range of critical, emerging and emerging energy needs in its research and investment activities. The project would support a broad range of research projects on “clean energy” through three core activities: (a) a national framework of clean energy investments, (b) a system of clean energy investment management, and (c) a system of low cost power, electricity and water supply. The Energy and Infrastructure Investment of India (AFPILI) project also seeks to provide a critical energy source by providing high-quality, low cost, innovative technologies that are supported by high quality governance, in-depth collaboration within EPAO and relevant institutions. The projects will support national and regional economic cooperation in the production, financing, promotion, operation and deployment of energy technologies including the development and deployment of solar power and associated high efficiency and lower maintenance. The Institute is well positioned through its strategic management and strategic planning within EPAO and contributes to the nation’s energy sector, in addition to an ecosystem and global energy security. The government of India has set an ambitious target of reducing emissions from our natural gas sector and coal-fired power plants at more than 97% by 2030, on top of the target of meeting this target by 2022. This is a high mark amongst our portfolio. We are also looking to further reduce our dependence on government subsidies and to increase our capacity for effective and affordable energy supplies. Since 1993, the Association of Renewable Energy Experts (ARENA) has developed an important strategic approach in the field of sustainable and competitive energy supply and use. The organization is responsible for developing a strategy with the focus of meeting the 2030 target and providing technical expertise to meet the goals formulated by ARENA. The organization has also initiated its own project to build on ARENA’s successful strategy for reducing our dependence on government subsidies. The ARENA initiative is based within an open research environment, developing collaborative research projects and pursuing new collaborative solutions. ARENA is a member of the World Bank of India, whose mission is to build a global economic governance model through a sustained, multidisciplinary approach in a way that has practical, environmental and social dimensions that is based on multidisciplinary research.
The Economic Research Institute at the Government of India (GIRI) is an interdisciplinary and non-profit research facility providing analytical and policy analysis and policy commentary to policymakers, the community, and the wider global public on issues of economic governance, trade and energy security, the quality of energy, and growth and the opportunities that arise from an integrated and robust international economic order. For more information please visit www.giri.ie, visit http://www.giri.ie/
The Centre for Energy, Environment and Innovation is one of the most promising open research institutions in India. The organization recently secured $1.5-million (Dh2) for a new facility to meet and address a range of critical, emerging and emerging energy needs in its research and investment activities. The project would support a broad range of research projects on “clean energy” through three core activities: (a) a national framework of clean energy investments, (b) a system of clean energy investment management, and (c) a system of low cost power, electricity and water supply. The Energy and Infrastructure Investment of India (AFPILI) project also seeks to provide a critical energy source by providing high-quality, low cost, innovative technologies that are supported by high quality governance, in-depth collaboration within EPAO and relevant institutions. The projects will support national and regional economic cooperation in the production, financing, promotion, operation and deployment of energy technologies including the development and deployment of solar power and associated high efficiency and lower maintenance. The Institute is well positioned through its strategic management and strategic planning within EPAO and contributes to the nation’s energy sector, in addition to an ecosystem and global energy security. The government of India has set an ambitious target of reducing emissions from our natural gas sector and coal-fired power plants at more than 97% by 2030, on top of the target of meeting this target by 2022. This is a high mark amongst our portfolio. We are also looking to further reduce our dependence on government subsidies and to increase our capacity for effective and affordable energy supplies. Since 1993, the Association of Renewable Energy Experts (ARENA) has developed an important strategic approach in the field of sustainable and competitive energy supply and use. The organization is responsible for developing a strategy with the focus of meeting the 2030 target and providing technical expertise to meet the goals formulated by ARENA. The organization has also initiated its own project to build on ARENA’s successful strategy for reducing our dependence on government subsidies. The ARENA initiative is based within an open research environment, developing collaborative research projects and pursuing new collaborative solutions. ARENA is a member of the World Bank of India, whose mission is to build a global economic governance model through a sustained, multidisciplinary approach in a way that has practical, environmental and social dimensions that is based on multidisciplinary research.
The Economic Research Institute at the Government of India (GIRI) is an interdisciplinary and non-profit research facility providing analytical and policy analysis and policy commentary to policymakers, the community, and the wider global public on issues of economic governance, trade and energy security, the quality of energy, and growth and the opportunities that arise from an integrated and robust international economic order. For more information please visit www.giri.ie, visit http://www.giri.ie/
The Centre for Energy, Environment and Innovation is one of the most promising open research institutions in India. The organization recently secured $1.5-million (Dh2) for a new facility to meet and address a range of critical, emerging and emerging energy needs in its research and investment activities. The project would support a broad range of research projects on “clean energy” through three core activities: (a) a national framework of clean energy investments, (b) a system of clean energy investment management, and (c) a system of low cost power, electricity and water supply. The Energy and Infrastructure Investment of India (AFPILI) project also seeks to provide a critical energy source by providing high-quality, low cost, innovative technologies that are supported by high quality governance, in-depth collaboration within EPAO and relevant institutions. The projects will support national and regional economic cooperation in the production, financing, promotion, operation and deployment of energy technologies including the development and deployment of solar power and associated high efficiency and lower maintenance. The Institute is well positioned through its strategic management and strategic planning within EPAO and contributes to the nation’s energy sector, in addition to an ecosystem and global energy security. The government of India has set an ambitious target of reducing emissions from our natural gas sector and coal-fired power plants at more than 97% by 2030, on top of the target of meeting this target by 2022. This is a high mark amongst our portfolio. We are also looking to further reduce our dependence on government subsidies and to increase our capacity for effective and affordable energy supplies. Since 1993, the Association of Renewable Energy Experts (ARENA) has developed an important strategic approach in the field of sustainable and competitive energy supply and use. The organization is responsible for developing a strategy with the focus of meeting the 2030 target and providing technical expertise to meet the goals formulated by ARENA. The organization has also initiated its own project to build on ARENA’s successful strategy for reducing our dependence on government subsidies. The ARENA initiative is based within an open research environment, developing collaborative research projects and pursuing new collaborative solutions. ARENA is a member of the World Bank of India, whose mission is to build a global economic governance model through a sustained, multidisciplinary approach in a way that has practical, environmental and social dimensions that is based on multidisciplinary research.
Benefits of the reform process are visible in the form of better growth rates, higher investment and trade flows in the post liberalisation era. The inherent strength of the economy is borne out by the fact that it has achieved an annualised average rate of growth of 6.5% over the past decade. This is targeted to grow to 8% over the course of the next Five Year Plan, with the aim of doubling the GDP within the next decade.
If there is one sector of the Indian economy that has been responsible for placing India on the global map, this credit would justifiably go to the export-driven IT software and services industry, backed by a highly talented pool of software professionals. Notwithstanding the global economic downturn and the IT slowdown following the burst of the dotcom bubble, over the past two decades the Indian IT industry – largely promoted in the initial stages by the private sector, without the least government interference – has not only relentlessly surged ahead on the path of robust growth, but has also acted as a catalyst in spurring major advancements in other sectors of the Indian economy affecting IT development, viz. telecom, etc. Before attempting an assessment of the achievements and future prospects of various facets of the Indian IT sector, it may be useful to first take a look at some of the broad pointers of the success, resilience and strengths of the Indian IT industry.
Power Distance Index (PDI)PDI is degree of equality or inequality of power and wealth distributed in the society. High ranking indicates the inequalities of power and wealth within the society, while the low ranking represents the society de-emphasizes the different between citizen’s power and wealth. However, it is pointed out by Hosfstede, “power and inequality, of course, are extremely fundamental facts of any society and anybody with some international experience will be aware that all societies are unequal, but some are more unequal than others.”
Compared to a world average of 56.5, India has the very high ranking 77. This is indicative of a high level of inequality of power and wealth within the society. In India’s culture, people emphasis much on the society level which may refer the money or grading. Rich people are being more concerned in the society. It makes the polarization of the rich and the poor is never being such serious. It is shockingly that people with only $1 US daily expenses, one-third is located in India.
Most of the Indian companies are autocratic as they are not willing to delegate the power to others. They do think it is more safe to private everything instead of sharing with others. It is not difficult to find that Indian has a vertical pattern is the decision making process which means only few key managements are participated during the process.
Individualism (IDV)IDV is the degree of society reinforces individual achievement and interpersonal relationships. High ranking represents that individuality and individual rights are dominant within a society. On the opposite side, collectivism, typifies societies of a more collectivist nature with close ties between individuals. However, this dimension likes the PDI, is an extremely fundamental one regarding all societies in the world.
India is having a slightly higher rank 48 than the world average rank 43 in IDV. It shows that neither individualism nor collectivism is dominant within a society. Some Indian only concerns about themselves or immediate family like siblings or parents. Another type of Indian has a strong sense of cohesion, which they often extend their family to aunts and uncles with continuous protection with unquestionable loyalty.
With the medium ranking of IDV, organizations behave in different ways. While the managements are tended to be individualism, they seldom concern about their subordinate. They like to make the decision on their own and only seek for their own interests. Mostly communication is in one-way that means they do not listen any feedback or comment from subordinate. They need deeply obligation within the organization. However, in a collectivism organization’s culture, employees are expected working in a group-based with a close relationship. It fosters strong relationships where everyone takes responsibility for fellow members of their groups.
Similar to Japanese, managements treats the organization as a family and subordinate as family members. With this feature, no matter top management or employee has more trusts and respects towards others.
Masculinity