Marine BiologistEssay Preview: Marine BiologistReport this essayMarine BiologistThe field of marine biology — the study of marine organisms, their behaviors, and their interactions with the environment — is considered one of the most all-encompassing fields of oceanography. This field requires the ability to understand marine organisms and their behaviors. A marine biologist must have a basic understanding of other aspects or views of oceanography, such as chemical oceanography, physical oceanography, and geological oceanography. Therefore, marine biologists and biological oceanographers study these other fields throughout their careers, enabling them to take a more open approach to doing research.
Because there are so many topics within the field of marine biology, many researchers select a particular interest and specialize in it. Specific studies can be based on a particular species, organism, behavior, technique, or ecosystem. For example, marine biologists may choose to study a single species of clams, or all clams that are native to a climate or region.
One area of specialization, the emerging field of marine biotechnology, offers great opportunity for marine biologists. Marine biotechnology research presents a wide range of possibilities and applications. One focus area is the biomedical field, where scientists develop and test drugs, many of which come from marine organisms. An example of an application of biotechnology research can be seen in industry or defense, where researchers have developed non-toxic coatings that prevent the build-up of fouling organisms, such as barnacles and zebra mussels. Such coatings are useful for ships and intake pipes used in power plants.
Molecular biology is a related area of specialization in this field. Researchers apply molecular approaches and techniques to many environments, from coastal ponds to the deep sea, and many different organisms, from microscopic bacteria, plants, and animals to marine mammals. For example, molecular biology can be used to identify the presence of a specific organism in a water sample through the use of molecular probes. This is very useful when the organism in question is microscopic or similar to other organisms. The study of disease in organisms has also been aided by the use of molecular techniques. Researchers have developed antibodies that are specific to a particular virus, so that when the virus is present in the organism, detection and diagnosis is easier
The molecular method of molecular biology is known in the United States and has been applied directly to organisms from coral reefs in China, as well as the South Indian Ocean. This area has been of particular interest because of the abundance of microbes that are known to cause disease in species, as well as as the extensive amount of marine species of which there are over 200. It is interesting to note that the study is directed at populations that are in many ways closely related to each other, with different evolutionary histories, evolutionary backgrounds, and some species being better adapted for the modern conditions on this continent, thus being able to reproduce with a much better ability to survive these environments.
Pharmaceutical companies can also use molecular approaches to produce drug therapies that target different cell types in a biological system. We believe that any given drug, even a molecule, may have a unique role in a cell that has undergone many different stages before it was exposed to a new and different environment. As shown below, our study indicates that a study performed by a group of Chinese scientists using a gene editing system and a novel molecular approach can have important implications for understanding the role of molecular biology in biological diseases. It is also a promising technology to understand the development of new diseases by analyzing the mechanisms in the cell’s epigenetics that may ultimately lead to changes in gene expression and molecular properties after exposure to a new environment.
In a previous paper on the current state of research on the understanding of cell biology, I examined studies with a specific molecule on mouse model M1 cells that have been used previously as model organisms to develop a series of treatment-resistant, nonhormonal drugs. However, the key problem with this method may be that such treatments do not have a significant number of specific regulatory modifications for which the cells do not require the modification. This situation may have led to the fact that M1 cells seem to have limited functional capacity for such an altered environment. M1 cells may be an important test crop for many other diseases that can arise with such alterations, as: diabetes, cancerous cells, HIV, prostate cancer, kidney disease, osteoarthritis, arthritis, epilepsy. It should therefore be noted that M1 cells do not have a known gene binding activity, and are unable to interact with specific regulatory systems (e.g. histone deacetylase, CRISPR/Cas9, etc.) that regulate the activity of specific regulatory networks. The proposed methods of study are similar to that described above and have a direct and indirect genetic link to disease. The researchers of this work believe that these methods of molecular biology can provide a critical step away from a single mutation in any one organism in the absence of multiple mutations and that they could lead directly to some form of disease.
The role of the cell as molecular model organism
This paper was authored by my PhD Research Associate, Dr. E.T., M.M.S., U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, who recently started making molecular approaches to address this problem.
As the researchers describe above, our primary focus is the application of molecular approaches in gene editing