Hiv/aids: Africa’s Big ProblemEssay title: Hiv/aids: Africa’s Big ProblemAbstractAcquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been reported in cases throughout the world. This paper describes what AIDS is by definition, a lists ways the virus is transmitted. In addition to general information given about AIDS, this paper addresses the problem of AIDS, what is being done to control the virus, how it applies to supply and demand, and the effect of AIDS on the United States and Africa.
What is HIV/AIDS and what does it do to the body?Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the result of an infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This virus attacks certain cells of the immune, nervous, and other systems impairing and disabling their proper function. HIV infection may cause damage to the brain and spinal cord, causing encephalitis, nerve damage, and difficulties in thinking (i.e., AIDS dementia), behavioral changes, poor circulation, headache, and stroke. AIDS may also affect the nervous system. Neurological symptoms may be mild in the early stages of AIDS, but may become severe in the final stages. Complications vary widely from one patient to another.
The Pregnancy and Postpartum Diagnosis Guide (PARF).
This unique book offers new and helpful methods for patients, caregivers, healthcare professionals, and doctors to determine if or to what extent premature pregnancy is caused by the diagnosis of the disease in the first trimester of life. This section contains the following topics or links to resources:
What is HIV/AIDS?Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the result of an infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This virus attacks certain cells of the immune, nervous, and other systems impairing and disabling their proper function. HIV infection may cause damage to the brain and spinal cord, causing encephalitis, nerve damage, and difficulties in thinking (i.e., AIDS dementia), behavioral changes, poor circulation, headache, and stroke. HIV, in fact, is an autoimmune immune-mediated disease that attacks the brain during pregnancy, but it is often accompanied by mental retardation, a brain fog, and other symptoms that begin when the brain has trouble maintaining the immune response. What is the Pregnancy and Postpartum Diagnosis Guide (PARF)?If you are seeking information pertaining to pregnancy and Postpartum Disease, please use this resource:http://www.pregnancyandpostpartum-disorders.com/pregnancy-conditions-and-postpartum.aspx The Pregnancy Diagnosis Guide is a free resource for all women, caregivers, health professionals, and all women who are in early to late pregnancy. This article provides a list of available resources that can easily be linked back to you. A full length section can be found below for some of the resources in this page.
The Pregnancy and Postpartum Diagnosis Guide (PARF).
This unique book offers new and helpful methods for patients, caregivers, healthcare professionals, and doctors to determine if or to what extent premature pregnancy is caused by the diagnosis of the disease in the first trimester of life. This section contains the following topics or links to resources:
What is HIV/AIDS?Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the result of an infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).” This section contains the following topics or links to resources:
What is HIV/AIDS?Ensure a pregnancy begins with a diagnosis of HIV before the age of 23 years who are in severe pre-term birth syndrome. This diagnosis of HIV should be viewed with sensitivity and should start with symptoms such as mild cognitive impairment, insomnia, poor motor
The Pregnancy and Postpartum Diagnosis Guide (PARF).
This unique book offers new and helpful methods for patients, caregivers, healthcare professionals, and doctors to determine if or to what extent premature pregnancy is caused by the diagnosis of the disease in the first trimester of life. This section contains the following topics or links to resources:
What is HIV/AIDS?Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the result of an infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This virus attacks certain cells of the immune, nervous, and other systems impairing and disabling their proper function. HIV infection may cause damage to the brain and spinal cord, causing encephalitis, nerve damage, and difficulties in thinking (i.e., AIDS dementia), behavioral changes, poor circulation, headache, and stroke. HIV, in fact, is an autoimmune immune-mediated disease that attacks the brain during pregnancy, but it is often accompanied by mental retardation, a brain fog, and other symptoms that begin when the brain has trouble maintaining the immune response. What is the Pregnancy and Postpartum Diagnosis Guide (PARF)?If you are seeking information pertaining to pregnancy and Postpartum Disease, please use this resource:http://www.pregnancyandpostpartum-disorders.com/pregnancy-conditions-and-postpartum.aspx The Pregnancy Diagnosis Guide is a free resource for all women, caregivers, health professionals, and all women who are in early to late pregnancy. This article provides a list of available resources that can easily be linked back to you. A full length section can be found below for some of the resources in this page.
The Pregnancy and Postpartum Diagnosis Guide (PARF).
This unique book offers new and helpful methods for patients, caregivers, healthcare professionals, and doctors to determine if or to what extent premature pregnancy is caused by the diagnosis of the disease in the first trimester of life. This section contains the following topics or links to resources:
What is HIV/AIDS?Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the result of an infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).” This section contains the following topics or links to resources:
What is HIV/AIDS?Ensure a pregnancy begins with a diagnosis of HIV before the age of 23 years who are in severe pre-term birth syndrome. This diagnosis of HIV should be viewed with sensitivity and should start with symptoms such as mild cognitive impairment, insomnia, poor motor
The disease is transmitted predominately by heterosexual activity, exposure to blood transfusions and un-sterilized needles, and from infected mothers to their newborns, and will continue to spread rapidly where economic and cultural factors favor these modes of transmission.
There is currently no cure for AIDS but recently developed, experimental treatments appear very promising. Some symptoms and complications may improve with treatment. For example, a drug called Antidementia may relieve confusion and slow mental decline, and infections may be treated with antibiotics. The prognosis for individuals with AIDS in recent years has improved significantly because of new drugs and treatments, and educational and preventive efforts.
How big is the problem?HIV/AIDS has been recognized as a global health problem. In sub-Saharan Africa, compared to the United States and the rest of the world the prevalence of HIV/AIDS is unfathomable. Since its discovery in 1981 the incidence has gone up every year. It has reached epidemic proportions in some countries. According to the World Factbook Swaziland, Botswana, and Lesotho are among the countries with the highest AIDS prevalence with 38.8%, 37.3%, and 28.9% respectively. This is a huge gap when considering the .6% of the United States population that is living with the unshakable disease. Though this is a measure of all reported cases of the diseases, there are many more that go undetected.
To assess the geographic scope and sheer magnitude of the AIDS and HIV problem in Africa is a daunting task. First, infectious disease surveillance capability is limited because of weaknesses in the health infrastructure, inadequate resources, and lack of qualified professionals to deal with this aspect of the problem. Secondly, the definition of AIDS as used by the CDC requires prohibitively expensive lab equipment for the diagnosis of this disease. African countries are now collaborating with international allies against the AIDS epidemic. By doing this is going to make it easier and more efficient for countries in Africa to measure and treat this ramped disease.
In 2004, according to the CDC estimates there were 462,792 people living with HIV/AIDS in 35 areas that have a history of confidential name-based HIV reporting. However, it is thought that the real number of people in this country living with HIV/AIDS is between 1,039,000 and 1,185,000. The difference in the numbers is based on several factors. First is anonymous testing. These tests include home testing kits and results are excluded from case reports. Anonymous tests without names may be tested and reported more than once therefore making these types of tests liabilities to the true numbers. Home tests may be administered incorrectly making the results unreliable and therefore unable to be reported. Secondly, 25% of people living with HIV/AIDS don’t even know they are infected.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention does not report the estimated number of people living with HIV in U.S. communities. But the CDC in its 2013 Health Resources Report did provide this number; “about 2% (1 in 12) of American adults have ever been to a physician whose primary care physician has had contact with a person living with HIV/AIDS; of those who have ever had such contact they have never received the information or did not know their HIV status, and about 16% of HIV patients have ever had these contacts (including 15% who never received or received a referral to the doctor).” The same report also reported that “between 1997 and 2011, 5,750 people were born with HIV who had ever had contacts with someone who is living with the infection, and 3,744 were born of those who haven’t received any such treatment. This is not a rate estimate of the total HIV population in all of the U.S.”
Another statistic, reported in 2014 was the number of deaths, which is the average among all health plans. The U.S. deaths from HIV are estimated at 2,500 compared to 1,750 by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)’s annual national mortality estimates. These number represent the numbers from the CDC’s 2008 study.
As stated in a 2014 summary by the American Institute for Health Information, “The number of persons with HIV decreased from 1.85 million in 2008 to 1.63 million in 2014 through 2007. Even more important, the average number of HIV-positive persons and those who were not with HIV increased from one in 300 to one in 400.”
The CDC also notes in its 2006 annual report, “No other known risk factor for HIV transmission has been identified. However, one such risk factor – sexual desire – has been identified as a primary risk factor in men.” This is a very high toll for many of these men. Among them is Joseph A. Treloar Jr., who had a sexual desire for children for years before he learned his HIV diagnosis on February 27, 2002…
According to the 2010 American Society for Testing and Technology, it took 2.1 days for a blood test to reach a specific blood level. The blood level can vary by 0.7 to 3.5 mmol/L per milliliter; for non-reactive blood test, the blood level will go as high as 20 mmol/L per milliliter, up to 80 mmol/L. Blood levels that reach that higher level can vary. The tests are performed in laboratories and are performed on volunteers by trained experts in each individual participant’s individual individual circumstances. The results confirm the findings made in the 2008 CDC report. The CDC does not have guidance or medical guidance regarding how to perform an HIV-positive testing in a facility that does not provide any protective services or treatment to HIV-infected individuals.[/p>
The CDC has not used an HIV-negative screening tool for male circumcision. The U.S
IN 2004 an estimated 38,730 new cases of HIV/AIDS were reported from the 35 areas that have confidential name-based reporting. This is a slight increase from 2003. 73% of the new cases reported in 2004 were among adult and adolescent males, 27% were adult and adolescent females, and less that 1% of the new cases reported in 2004 were children under the age of 13.
In 2004 it is estimated that there were 415,193 people living with full-blown AIDS. Of this number 77% were men of adult or adolescent age. Of this male population 58% were infected from homosexual contact, 21% were infected with “dirty” needles, 11% were infected through heterosexual contact, and 8% had a double incidence of homosexual