Essay About Motivational Theories And Classical Theory

Leadership and Motiviation – Paper Technology
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Leadership and Motiviation 1. Introduction and Definition 2. Leadership Types a.
Natural born leader b. Developed leader 3. Leadership Models a. Traditional b.
Non-traditional 4. Leadership Traits a. Make people feel important b. Promote your
vision c. Treat others as you want to be treated d. Take responsibility for your actions 5.
Motivational Theories a. Classical Theory and Scientific Management b. Behavior theory
c. Contemporary Motivational Theories
INTRODUCTION Effective leadership is the process of motivating others to meet
specific objectives. We will look at a few areas of leadership and motivation.
LEADERSHIP TYPES Few business leaders get to be highly recognized names in the
world at large or even the broadest business communities like the team of William
Hewlett and David Packard. In 1938 they pooled $538 to found their namesake
Hewlett-Packard in a rented garage. Hewlett focused his energy on leading the
technology side of the now $31 billion high tech leader. Packard wrestled with managing
the day to day operation and died at the age of 83. Many believe that David Packards
chief legacy may be his management style. His employees awarded him a M.B.W.A.
Degree—“Master By Walking Around” for the legwork expanded in his belief that
upper management should remain close to workers. The “HP way” also strives to
maintain a small company atmosphere even as the work force expanded to 100,000.
Employees were allowed freedom, and Internal competition was encouraged, while
working toward a shared objective. Packards commitment to employees was also
legendary. In 1990 he came out of semi-retirement to help manage a sweeping corporate
overhaul that successfully averted the job losses that subsequently hit many other High
tech companies. David Packard was truly a leader to admired. A good leader he was.
This prompts the question “What is a good leader?” LEADERSHIP MODELS There
are many good leaders to choose from. You have military leaders, politicians, CEOs,
coaches, athletes, teachers, the list is endless. You may ask what do all people from
different walks of life have in common? First lets define what a leader is, a leader is
getting things accomplished by acting through others or getting people to perform to their
maximum potential. LEADERSHIP TRAITS Now lets identify some common traits of a
leader. Leaders are people who set the example and have the courage to take the
initiative to dominate the situation. They are decisive ,bold, tactful, and communicate very
well. They maintain enthusiasm, commitment, devotion and are knowledgeable of their
duties. MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES Workers need more than job satisfaction and
morale. They also need motivation. Motivational theories can be classified into three
main categories: classical theories and scientific management; behavior theory; and
contemporary motivational theories. CLASSICAL THEORIES Classical theory and
scientific management is when money becomes the primary motivational factor. A man
by the name of Frederick Taylor wrote a book called The Principles of Scientific
Management (1911). In it, he proposed a way for both companies and workers to
benefit from this widely accepted view of life in the work place. BEHAVIOR
THEORIES The Behavior Theory or Hawthorne effect as it became widely known,
came as a result of a study in 1925. A group of Harvard researchers began a study at
the Hawthorne Works of Western Electric. They wanted to know what would happen to
the workers output if they changed the physical environment. It appeared that by
increasing lighting levels, productivity improved and increasing pay did not. After more
research it seemed that the workers produced more according to the attention they
received. CONTEMPORARY THEORIES After the Hawthorne studies, more
attention was placed on the importance of improving human relation skills. This resulted
in more contemporary motivational theories. Theories X and Y came as a result of
behavioral scientists