Chemical Property
Chemical Property
B) Electronegativity, symbol χ, is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom or a functional group to attractelectrons (or electron density) towards itself.[1] An atoms electronegativity is affected by both its atomic number and the distance at which its valence electrons reside from the charged nucleus. The higher the associated electronegativity number, the more an element or compound attracts electrons towards it.C) Electron affinity is defined as the change in energy (in kJ/mole) of a neutral atom (in the gaseous phase) when an electron is added to the atom to form a negative ion. In other words, the neutral atoms likelihood of gaining an electron. A monatomic ion is an ion consisting of a single atom. If an ion contains more than 1 atom even if these atoms are of the same element, it is called a polyatomic ion. For example calcium carbonate consists of the monatomic ion Ca2+ and the polyatomic ion CO32-.A type I binary ionic compound contains a metal (cation) that forms only one type of ion. A type II ionic compound contains a metal that forms more than one type of ion, i.e., ions with different charges.Cations (positively-charged ions) and anions (negatively-charged ions) are formed when a metal loses electrons, and a nonmetal gains those electrons. The electrostatic attraction between the positives and negatives brings the particles together and creates an ionic compound, such as sodium chloride.
A polyatomic ion, also known as a molecular ion, is a charged chemical species (ion) composed of two or more atoms covalently bondedor of a metal complex that can be considered to be acting as a single unit. The prefix “poly-” means “many,” in Greek, but even ions of two atoms are commonly referred to as polyatomic. In older literature, a polyatomic ion is also referred to as a radical, and less commonly, as aradical group. In contemporary usage, the term radical refers to free radicals that are (not necessarily charged) species with an unpaired electron.An example of a polyatomic ion is the hydroxide ion – consisting of one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom, hydroxide has a charge of −1. Its chemical formula is OH−. An ammonium ion is made up of one nitrogen atom and four hydrogen atoms: it has a charge of +1, an its chemical formula is NH4+.Atomic Mass or Weight Definition: Atomic mass or atomic weight is the average mass of atoms of an element, calculated using the relative abundance of isotopes in a naturally-occurring element. valence electron is an electron that is associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond; in a single covalent bond, both atoms in the bond contribute one valence electron in order to form a shared pair. The presence of valence electrons can determine the elements chemical properties and whether it may bond with other elements: For a main group element, a valence electron can only be in the outermost electron shell. In a transition metal, a valence electron can also be in an inner shell.