Coca Cola_micro Macro Factors
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1.0 Introduction
1.1 Overview of marketing management
According to Philip Kotler (2000):
“Marketing management has the task of influencing the level, timing, and compositions of demand in a way that will help the organisation achieve its objectives. Marketing management is essentially demand management.”
“The art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping and growing customers through creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value.”
Marketing management is essential to an organisation in introducing, promoting, maintaining a products brand name within the market. The management would not solely focus on marketing metrics but also other departments from production to finance. All departments play an equally important in the marketing management. Without proper control of finance, desired marketing scheme could not be implemented; without standard quality of product, end-user would not trust the message conveyed through advertisements; without satisfactory working environment, marketing staffs would not deliver and implement satisfactory marketing proposals. All departments are aiming to be able to deliver better services or product internally and externally of the organisation in meeting customers changing demands.
1.2 Overview of environmental factors
1.2.1 Micro Environmental Factors
Micro Environmental Factors is also known as internal environmental factors. They include factors which are within or close to the company that have a direct impact on the organisation strategy as follow:
Top management
Other functions, such as finance and accounting, Research and Development, manufacturing and purchasing
Suppliers
Marketing intermediaries
Customers
Competitors
Public
1.2.2 Macro Environmental Factors
These factors are also known as external environmental factors which relates to larger forces beyond the companys control. They include the following factors:
Demographic factors
Economic status
Natural factors
Technological factors
Cultural factors
Political or Legal factors
1.3 Overview of the selected organisation
My chosen organisation is The Coca Cola Company for this assignment. The Coca Cola Company (TCCC) is the worlds leading manufacturer, marketer, and distributor of non-alcoholic beverage concentrates and syrups. Its headquarter located in Atlanta, Georgia.(Allen Matt & others) It produces nearly 400 brands including soft drink, sport drink, soup, water, energy drink, juice, tea and so forth in over 200 countries or territories. TCCC markets four of the worlds top five non-alcoholic sparkling brands, including Coca-ColaЮ, Diet CokeЮ, FantaЮ and SpriteЮ.
The Coca Cola Companys flagship product is Coca-ColaЮ. Coca-ColaЮ is also generally known as Coke. It was invented by a pharmacist, John Pemberton in the late 19th century. A businessman, Asa Griggs Candler bought Coca-cola from the pharmacist and had successfully market this brand to the public in 20th century.
TCCC generally sell these products either in syrups form or finished products to following customers:
Bottling and canning operations,
Fountain wholesalers / retailers
Distributors
Retail shops
Supermarkets
Restaurants
Small neighborhood
viii.
Groceries
Sports and entertainment venues
Schools and colleges.
TCCC has three types of bottling relationships. Bottlers in whom TCCC has:
no ownership interest;
a non-controlling ownership interest; and
a controlling ownership interest.
It is estimated that 83 percent of TCCCs worldwide units are not owned or controlled by TCCC in 2006.
(Refer to Annual Report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006)
2.0 Micro Environmental Factors
2.1 Organisation
According to Oxford Dictionary, an organisation is an organised body of people with a particular purpose, such as a business or government department. Within an organisation, there are more than one department with different functions and purposes. These functions would work towards the corporate goals collaboratively. There are seven operating structure in TCCC as follow:
Ð* Africa
Ð* East, South Asia and Pacific Rim
Ð* European Union
Ð* Latin America
Ð* North America
Ð* North Asia, Eurasia and Middle East
Ð* Bottling Investments
Ð* Corporate
According to Credeur (2007), TCCC depends on soda for 80 percent of revenue, while PepsiCo depends on 60 percent on soda for its revenue.
Customers
According to Oxford Dictionary, a customer is who buys goods or services from a shop or business. In other words, he or she someone who makes uses of or receives the products or services of an individual or organisation. Meeting Customers demand or requirements is vital to an organisations