New Deal Outline
Essay Preview: New Deal Outline
Report this essay
Eli Marcus
History, Period 5
The New Deal
I. FDR and the First New Deal
A. FDR Takes the Helm
1. Roosevelt was generally popular and got good grades
2. Marriage to Eleanor
i. distant cousins
ii. March 17, 1905 they were married
3. An Emerging Politician
i. democrat
ii. 1921 polio left him paralyzed
iii. treatment gave him partial use of his legs
iv. spoke publicly in 1924 since the attack
4. The Roosevelt Victory
i. Roosevelt proposed a solid and straightforward plan of action to
end depression
ii. was open to all ideas (ex. Employed Republicans)
iii. The Hundred Days
B. The Hundred Days
1. Moratorium – temporary shutdown of operations
2. Stemming the Bank Crisis
i. William Woodin appointed to resolve bank crisis
ii. FDR reassured the people their money is safer with new banks
3. A New Deal
i. Roosevelt pledged a new deal for the American people
ii. 3 Rs
4. Emergency Relief
i. many unemployed people had to apply for public aid
ii. FERA distributed $5 million for aid
iii. dole – government charity
5. Civilian Conservation Corps
i. CCC put lots of unemployed men to work
ii. men ages 18-25 worked to preserve the environment
iii. food, lodging, and $30 a month was provided
iv. bonus army were first recruits of CCC
6. Public Works Administration
i. PWA helped provide jobs for unemployed
ii. spent $3.3 billion on projects such as the restoration of public
facilities
7. National Recovery Administration
i. by 1940, American industry was down 40%
ii. Roosevelt sponsored the National Industrial Recovery Act
iii. NIRA established the NRA
iv. NIRA organized labor unions
v. launched huge publicity campaigns
8. Agricultural Adjustment Administration
i. AAA helped farmers who were hit hard by the depression
ii. subsidy – financial assistance
iii. unfortunately, many farmers already began harvesting when the
AAA was created so they ended having to under-plow and kill
newborn animals
iv. Roosevelt then authorized the FERA to buy some crops instead
9. Tennessee Valley Authority
i. TVA built dams in the Tennessee River to make electricity
ii. enriched land
10. Reform Laws
i. Truth-in-Securities Act and Glass-Steagall Banking Act
ii. TIS Act prevented banks from stock investing and established
the FDIC which reassured safety of peoples money
iii. between March 9 – June 16, Roosevelt proposed 15 new bills
C. The President and the People
1. Fireside Chats
i. addressed the American people through radio speeches
2. Eleanors Influence
i. when FDR caught polio, Eleanor didnt want her husbands
political reputation ruined
ii. Womens Trade Union League and League of Womens Voters
iii. often looked up to
iv. held her own press conferences
v. they were a great team
CT #4
4. Without addressing the three Rs, FDR may have not received enough recognition and violent opposition may have grown even more against him. The three Rs gave people the feeling of support and made them side with FDR, further securing his presidency and acceptance.
II. Criticism and Reformulation
A. New Deal: Big Deal!
1. Protests of Tenant Farmers
i. AAA hurt some more than helped
ii. farmers were sometimes forced to reduce crop and reduce acres
iii. STFU went on strike despite heavy opposition
2. Voices of Labor
i. NIRA allowed workers to join any union
ii. Unionization – formation of unions
iii. unionization increased strikes
iv. FDR worried about economic recovery
3. Reactionary and Radical Voices
i. Dr. Townsend pension plan
ii. Charles Coughlin had a radio show (anti-Semitic)
iii. demagogue – a leader who gains power by appealing to
peoples prejudices and fears rather than by appealing to reason
iv. Coughlin attacked FDR
v. Huey Long sided