Audio Class Notes and Song Analysis
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* never email music* ZIP files* stop don’t pause1.24.18Song Analysis Drums, Synthesiser, Organ, Vocals, Background vocals have same timing, Tapping, Bass guitar, Lots of percussion, Upbeat , Bell was panning (left, right, and both), Tempo changed but pretty medium, Low pulsing throughout song, Wet reverb on main vocals, Occasional guitar riffs, Structure was intro, A, B, C, D, etc – 8 beat measures, one is 10, beats to keep it different, Reggae genre but a bit of hybrid, Bob Marley was artist, Fairly wide dynamic range, Some instruments blend, some dont – Amplitude and volume are described as the same thing – Doesn’t matter if a tone is repeated slower/faster, it’ll sound the same because it’s the same noise- Drums are made differently (shapes, texture, hand/stick) – kinetic energy (from how the stick hits the drum that vibrates the air that touched the ear’s hairs) transde—- – In a studio, the ear is a microphone (wire, preamp, analog digital converter, computer) 1.29.1812 semitones = 1 octav1.31.18ALT – “auditioning” let go of alt to leave it there or stop clicking and it’ll go backCOMMAND – unsolos all solo tracksDouble click – goes back to default (0)SHIFT – grouping2.5.18“Punching in” – hit play – records certain sectionClick and drag area – auto punch record – auto records sectionSplit – ctrl-S – so click in ruler2.7.1844,100 Hz is used for audio (44.1 KHz) {ex cd}44,800 Hz is used for video (48 KHz) {ex dvd}GAIN – controls the volume Input gain or output gainThe gain can be adjusted by the end of the microphone wire and the input of the computer/mixer Don’t change the output fader, change the input gainSystem preferences and choose the Samson Mic as our input and Creston (HDMI system) for output {can’t pick mic as output because it’s not a speaker} make sample rate same and choose the smallest block sizeKeep buffer size to 32 {if crackling noises happen up it to multiples of 32 – 64, 128, etc)Vowels have a repeating waveform (because of having one note/tone) while consonants DON’T have a repeating waveformLock the wav and ctrl+S to cut them into separate pieces2.21.18Kilohertz humans can hear (on the exam)*        ** 20 Hz up to 20,000 Hz **3.5.18Interview Assignment Project – Due on March 19th        Rent a nice mic         Interview someone but practice directing “compress your answers)Good recording, using microphone properly (close to their mouth like under so the s’s and p’s don’t pop and that the person stays still), ambiance (example subway – asking people if they got to work on time etc or background music etc), reaper editing – unnecessary rambling or any um’s are appropriate
MIDTERMSoundSound is a disturbance of the atmosphere that human beings can hear (sound is a disturbance is objective – outside of us that happens even though we cant hear it – ex: tree falls in a forest and no one hear it) (humans can hear is subjective – ear and ear drum and the conversion – ear converts sounds in brain {the brain filters the environment}) *objective vs subjective*Frequency implies a patternSound moves through a medium (sound waves – vibrations)Wavefront and wavelength definitions Octaves – 8 notes c->c – unique to sound20 is too low and 20,000 is too high (for speakers to produce)Speed of sound – 1130 ft/s (this is called the “rate”)Transmitted or reflected off a wallDiffraction – wavelength to opening Normal air pressure = silence (no change in atmospheric pressure)Interference – the sum of two waveforms so they cancel eachother out (180 deg out of phase)“Sound sculpture” – “standing wave”Noise cancellation headphones work by sending outside sounds out by 180 degWavelength (distance sound travels before the wave repeats) waveform (the shape of that wave) period (the time it takes for the wave to complete a cycle) frequency (how many times the wave repeats – in hz)Lambda – 1130 hz wavelength = 1130 ft/s / frequency -> 1130/1130 = 1 so Lambda = 1 foot (ex 2: 1130/2260 = L = ½ hz)Frequency = (When L=2 ft) F = 1130/2 = 565 HzWavelength of 20 Hz = 1130/20 = 56.5 ftWavelength of L = 3 inches -> 1/4 ft so 1130 / 1/4 = flip it so 11130×4 = 4520 HzCause of police car driving past – Doppler Effect *Acoustics5 parameters – 1. The audience must clearly hear all of the music with the proper balance between instruments, and the proper tonal balance for each instrument. 2. The performer must clearly hear himself and the other performers. 3. Reverberation should be appropriate to the style of the music. 4. Extraneous sounds must be inaudible in the concert space. 5. The sound of the concert should be inaudible outside of the concert space.100 ft, sound would arrive in 100/1130 so 1/11.3 so 0.088 seconds or 88 milliseconds 130/1130 = 0.115 -> 115-88=27 milliseconds so if you had a bunch of reflections, it could really compromise the final soundTime values*Chart on amplitude3.28.18Diegetic – visual sounds in movies (dialogue, sound effects, ambience)Laugh tracks and voice overs are non-diegetic 4.2.18Try on mac if not just write what i would do and try to play it on quicktime and match it up in reaper4.9.18ARCHIVING WORK { in reaper }Buy external drive 2TPlug it inOpen the project [in reaper and make sure all media is there and make sure cursor is at beginning]File > save project as > external drive > create sub directory for project > copy all media into project directory > saveDelete backups (save first/important ones)4.11.18TIMBRE (TAM-BUR)Just know everything in the readingCion articleReaper test sometime soonAssignment – create 3 sonic signatures (ringtones, light motifs, sonic branding – sounds for a specific item, etc)        Ex: computer turning on (tropical)