Bethany Hills, Omemee Esker and Fleetwood Creek
Bethany Hills, Omemee Esker and Fleetwood Creek
Stop 2: Glacial Lake Peterborough
Glacial Lake Peterborough had many attributing spillways attached to it, feeding meltwater and sediment from the ice margin and or other glacial lakes. Much of the sediment that was deposited in Glacial Lake Peterborough came from either from the stagnant ice blocks located on the Oak Ridges moraine or from the Lake Algonquin drainage system. Much of the deposition in this lake was dominated by sediment stratification, which may have been largely influenced by thermal stratification. As a result of thermal stratification occurring in this glacial lake sediment inputs were greatly influenced depending on the different sediment densities between the lake bottom water to that of the incoming meltwater and if the inflow density was less/more than the bottom water than the lake water bottom, than new transport and depositional paths were created
Depending on the type of path that was created, it would largely influence the rate and distance to which the sediment was transported.
Stop 3a: Kettleby Till
The Kettleby till is considered to be younger than the main till in the area because it may have been deposited by ice contact stratified drift. Ice contact stratified drift is normally deposited by meltwater in contact and or in close proximity to the ice sheet. Stratification and some sorting do takes place.
Stop 3B: Bethany Hills Deltaic sands on southern Flank
Yes this feature is the result of erosion and depositional processes however, it is not associated with the current water course. This feature may be the result of a Gilbert type delta that once occupied this area. Gilbert type deltas have three main components; topsets, foresets and bottomsets. Topsets are fluvial sediments (primarily sandur deposits) that were deposited on the subaerial delta surface. Erosive events occurring on the upper forslope can result in downslope channels and chutes. These features are then eroded by either strong currents or by debris flow resulting in these channels and chutes to become filled. Foresets are a combination of sand and gravel facies. The are deposited by gravitational processes on the delta foreslope and the grains tend to become finer and more angular downslope. Bottomsets consist of fine grained silts and clay and are deposited at the foot of the delta front.
Stop 3C: Drumlin in older northern/Newmarket Till
I believe that this drumlin is closely related to erosion and accretion hypotheses of drumlin formation. This is because of its location being close to a steep valley wall. The megaflood hypothesis does not apply to this drumlin because this landform has to be in close proximity to the ice sheet margin during periods of glaciation.
Stop 3E: Lacustrine nearshore/beach deposits on drumline flank
Glaciolacustrine beach/near shore sand deposits may have developed at this high elevation as a result of subglacial meltwater experiencing high internal pressures. Another possibility that may have caused glaciolacustrine deposits to be at this high elevation may be the result of ice either moving over or creating landforms. During this process there is a possibility supraglacial ice may weaken enough that lacustrine deposition may occur at this margin.
Stop 3F: Late Glacial stream erosion in flank of Bethany Hills deltatic sequence
It is possible that this feature formed during the final ice retreat, as the ice was melting large volumes of meltwater eroded sediment away from the