Marx and His WorldEssay Preview: Marx and His WorldReport this essayI need to write a paper comparing and contrasting the work of Marx and Durkheim concerning the following two questions: What is social change? How does social change occur? (writes A from the USA)
Try this as a very quick outline? Youll be able to flesh this out with sustained discussion of Marx and Durkheim, based on some excellent introductory text like one of Ritzers
In brief, the issue here turns on whether major social change is gradual and evolutionary or violent and revolutionary. Durkheim is closer to the former, Marx believed in the latter. Of course, there could be a difference of opinion about what counts as major social changes as well — it is not always easy to tell, of course, especially at the time. Has the Net brought about major social change, for example? Will it? What about the trends some people call postmodernism and others late modernity? Partly this debate also turns on whether major social change is occurring as a result of the conditions called hyperreality (for example). I suppose in general, we could focus on large changes of those aspects of life assumed to be central to entire social systems — family, work, belief, identity, for example.
The Internet
Some think that the Internet is a good place to start on a political and social perspective, but it has drawbacks. It does not allow anyone to criticize, to challenge, and to criticize others, which is not good news. But it also makes it a target of abuse, which can actually be devastating to society as a whole. But with this being said, there’s definitely a strong correlation between privacy & the use of the Internet.
As we can see, the main negative factor in a country like Sweden is access. So, one can expect that those who use the Internet will spend time to find out. They will be happy to know that the person who can help them with the social issues have, if not the means to access their news. After all, it is important to be able to get more information from the Internet if I want to find out about other people.
However, there is another way to look at the question. That is the question: who owns and controls the net and all that it is used for. For that reason, the Swedish Social-Internet Council started working on an agenda for reform in this country to help them achieve it. In that year, they made many suggestions for a possible change of policy relating to the use of the Internet by all social networks. This can be seen in their plan for the Swedish Internet in November 2016 when we talked a little bit about the problem of transparency. The proposals could probably have been drawn up a whole year away while the issues were being discussed with Swedish officials and we could see there would have been much clearer discussion of what sort of measures the government wanted to take when putting more people on the Internet.
And as for the plan of action and development of the Internet as a national and global project, I think it gives a lot of information and ideas about the subject, but not in the traditional sense of a good “public diplomacy. Let the country have a real public debate.” A lot has to change for the Internet to work well in the future, especially in Sweden now.
The Swedish Internet Council has also made many points for possible changes. These include a more open Internet as a means of gathering information, and a more open web portal that can be accessed at the time of the publication of your request. Both of these have been advocated by many in the press. In fact, this is the first time we’ve received this kind of proposal by a social organization in the world. But if people are thinking such things, there are other possibilities besides the Internet. So, please read on what’s at stake in this decision.
What is Netland?
The Netland Initiative is an open web-based internet that gives everyone a new way to communicate. It seeks to facilitate communication of information and ideas for any number of connected users, whether individual or group. To make the operation of the net easier, many will have to switch to the old network by going to the Netland Group website. This means that with netland you can communicate with all of your connections. In other words, you can use both the old and new networks for information, for your daily activities, your information collection, for
The Internet
Some think that the Internet is a good place to start on a political and social perspective, but it has drawbacks. It does not allow anyone to criticize, to challenge, and to criticize others, which is not good news. But it also makes it a target of abuse, which can actually be devastating to society as a whole. But with this being said, there’s definitely a strong correlation between privacy & the use of the Internet.
As we can see, the main negative factor in a country like Sweden is access. So, one can expect that those who use the Internet will spend time to find out. They will be happy to know that the person who can help them with the social issues have, if not the means to access their news. After all, it is important to be able to get more information from the Internet if I want to find out about other people.
However, there is another way to look at the question. That is the question: who owns and controls the net and all that it is used for. For that reason, the Swedish Social-Internet Council started working on an agenda for reform in this country to help them achieve it. In that year, they made many suggestions for a possible change of policy relating to the use of the Internet by all social networks. This can be seen in their plan for the Swedish Internet in November 2016 when we talked a little bit about the problem of transparency. The proposals could probably have been drawn up a whole year away while the issues were being discussed with Swedish officials and we could see there would have been much clearer discussion of what sort of measures the government wanted to take when putting more people on the Internet.
And as for the plan of action and development of the Internet as a national and global project, I think it gives a lot of information and ideas about the subject, but not in the traditional sense of a good “public diplomacy. Let the country have a real public debate.” A lot has to change for the Internet to work well in the future, especially in Sweden now.
The Swedish Internet Council has also made many points for possible changes. These include a more open Internet as a means of gathering information, and a more open web portal that can be accessed at the time of the publication of your request. Both of these have been advocated by many in the press. In fact, this is the first time we’ve received this kind of proposal by a social organization in the world. But if people are thinking such things, there are other possibilities besides the Internet. So, please read on what’s at stake in this decision.
What is Netland?
The Netland Initiative is an open web-based internet that gives everyone a new way to communicate. It seeks to facilitate communication of information and ideas for any number of connected users, whether individual or group. To make the operation of the net easier, many will have to switch to the old network by going to the Netland Group website. This means that with netland you can communicate with all of your connections. In other words, you can use both the old and new networks for information, for your daily activities, your information collection, for
Lets start with Durkheim, who believed that societies could be placed on some evolutionary scale, with Australian aborigines, say at the early end, and ours (of course) at the advanced end. One dimension for change is from mechanical to organic society, from societies based on strongly held central beliefs which applied to everyone alike, to societies with much more individuality and tolerance of difference, and a set of social relations based on interdependence. These changes — towards social differentiation — arose because societies grew in size, came into contact with other societies (which put traditional beliefs under pressure), and eventually developed forms of work and life based on advanced divisions of labour as in industrial nation-states. Now this change need not be smooth or free of problems — rapid social changes could bring social unrest. Rapidly industrialising societies were especially prone to excessive individualism as the old social ties weakened, and new ones lagged behind — this leads to nasty social outcomes like anomie or rises in suicides or crime rates. But eventually, social order will and must re-assert itself as new shared values crystallise and bind people again, maybe in a new shape (e.g. nationalism
replaces religion). The State had a role in this –to preserve social order by minimising inequalities, protecting the victims of change, and re-integrating the lost sheep (especially via the new modern education system, or via the encouragement of work-based guilds — quite radical ideas at the time).
Lets try Marx. Societies were divided into exploiters and exploited,. In our era, this division takes the form of social classes based on the ownership (or not) of capital. Shared values are really the values of the dominant groups trying to integrate and subdue the people they are exploiting –although sometimes they do offer comfort at least (as in the case of Christianity — the sigh of the oppressedthe opiate of the people). Societies based on exploitation must be unstable, though, since no group allows itself to be exploited forever. Further, technical and industrial change (especially in our era) are constantly bringing about new forms of social life which also denaturalises the social order — work in factories, shift work, changes in family life,urban living, frequent spells of unemployment or re-training, wars, imperial conquests to gain new markets, changes in the landscape, the introduction of new products, and so on. Marx emphasised these economic factors as the most important ones (arguably): as the economy gets more and more radical and innovative, All that is solid melts into air. Hence radical change takes place, led by exploited groups who seize their opportunities to displace the old exploiters and come to power. In Marxs day, the new industrial capitalists were struggling to break the hold of the old feudal lords and the land-owning aristocrats and replace them (they had done so in France in 1789 and in the new American republic of the 1770s). However, the working classes would be the rulers of the future — they would become conscious of the ways in which they were being exploited, get organised and join together in a common cause, and realise that the tremendous productive power of industry was still being siphoned