Chemistry Basics
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Summer assignment!
Chemistry-study of the composition structure and properties of matter and changes it undergoes
Chemical-any substance that has a definite composition
Atom – smallest unit of an element that maintains properties of that element
Change of state-physical change of a substance from one state to another
Chemical change-a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances
Chemical property-relates to a substance ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances
Chemical reaction-a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances
Compound- substance that is made from the atoms of 2 or more elements that are chemically bonded!
Element-pure substance made of only one kind of atom
Extensive property-depends of the amount of matter that is present
Gas-matter is this state has neither definite volume nor definite shape
Heterogeneous-not uniform throughout
Homogeneous-uniform in composition
Intensive property- does not depend on the amount of matter that is present!
Liquid- matter in this state has a definite volume but an indefinite shape
Mass- measure of amount of matter
Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space
Mixture- blend of 2 or more kinds of atoms, each of which retains its own identity and properties
Physical change-a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance
Physical property-characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
Plasma-high temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose their electrons
Product-substances that are formed by chemical change
Pure substance-has fixed composition and differs from a mixture, in these ways
1. Every example of a given substance has exactly the same characteristic properties
2. Every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same composition
Reactant-substances that react in chemical change
Solid- matter in this state has a definite volume and definite shape
Solution- homogeneous mixtures
Family-vertical columns of the periodic table
Group-vertical columns of the periodic table
Metal-is an element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity
Metalloid- element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals
Nonmetal-element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity
Period- horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table
Review page 26 # 1-23
1.Chemistry is the studyof the composition, structure and properties of matter and the changes it undergoes!
2.Organic chemistry
3.And subtance that that has a definite composition
4.Basic- to increase knowledge ex. Looking something on google. Applied- used tyo solve a problem ex-putting out a fire to know how to put out the fire u would do applies research. Technological- production and use opf products. Ex.studying invitro and t rying to make it better
5Mass – measure of amount of matter/ volume – amount of space something taeks up
6.Pure is just one cannot
be separated a compound can!
7.It may define an entire group of substances/they can help u detemine everything about something
8.Extensive depends on the amount of matter and intensive doesnt!
9.Physical property is a charactereistic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance! Metlnig point n boiling points-ex.
10. Chemical property-relates to a substance ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances. Ex-charcoal burning ni air , iron turning to rust
11.Chemical change-a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances /Physical change-a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance
12.solid has definite shape liquid doesnt/liquid is visible gas isnt/ the liquid state can become a gas state/
Plasma-high temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose their electrons
13.it means it has traNFORMED TO PLAMA LIQUID GAS OR SOLID
14.vertical- states periodic number horizontal states group name
15.they all have to do with the conducting of heat wheather its good or bad n all of these r in groups 3-12 which is the metals and non metals and the noble gases are group 18 they r sttange and r usually combined with other elements
16.power plant/alcoholic beverage factory/a cow labatory/a chemical pant!
17.pro- potassium hydroxide+ hydrogen/ reactants potassium and water
28.groups 3-12
19.a) physical its not changing the elements/ b)chemcal) it changes the whole compound/c)physical