Organisation TheoryEssay Preview: Organisation TheoryReport this essayIntroductionOrganizational theory is the study of organization as a phenomenon of interest for theorization and explanation. There are a wide variety of perspectives to view an organization, each having their own set of concepts to make sense of an organization. (Hatch & Cunliffe 2006)
Power is define as the ability to influence others to get intended and foreseen effects. (Parikh & Gupta 2010) It is one of the important aspects in an organizations complexity structure and with its existence, conflict often arise due to the continuous struggle over control that power relations imply. (Hatch & Cunliffe 2006) Therefore, it is important to understand the limits of power and authority, resistance and obedience within the organization. This paper will take focus on the comparison of perspective of modernist and postmodernist through ontological and epistemological level, and how they contribute to the understanding of the limits of power and authority, resistance and obedience in accordance to organization structure and culture.
Modernism PerspectiveModernism ontological beliefs is that reality is seen exist independently in observers knowledge. Because of their objective ontological beliefs, modernist adopted a positivism epistemology whereby knowledge is acquired through valid conceptualization and reliable measurement to test logic against the reality. (Clegg & Hardy 1999) Modernists also views organizations as a systematic real entities operating in a real world and is driven by rationality, efficiency and effectiveness. (Hatch & Cunliffe 2006)
In an organization, there are two structures, social structure and physical structure. In terms of organizational structure, modernist view organization as stable and fixed entities, causing its structure to influence efficiency and behavior of the organization. As well as influencing the communication of information and coordination within the organization. (March & Simon 1993) Hence, looking at organizational social structure, modernist believed social structure could be used as a tool to control organizational outcomes and reduce conflict. (Hatch & Cunliffe 2006) Therefore, in order to establish an efficient productive workplace, according to Jaffee (2008), it requires the possession and control of the knowledge about the methods of production.
SECTION 2. CONCLUSIONS
The work of the sociologist L. I. Pacheco (2008) emphasizes the idea that social structure exists to regulate the work of all groups. Given that the nature of all groups influences the quality of their lives, the quality of life of all groups within a society is dependent upon the quality of their individual behavior. It can lead to unequal working conditions throughout a society as the people get less organized and the group goes into a state of economic decline as those who are more productive become more unequal. For the social structure of all groups to exist, the quality of life of all groups in all societies is dependent on the quality of the individuals, not on the work they do.
SECTION 3. RECOMMENDATIONS
Sociologists L. I. Pacheco (2008) argue that human beings can make better decisions than we are. However, one’s choices to follow the example of a good human being are always a direct reflection of his or her personality, but not a reflection of the quality of his or her personality or a reflection of its moral character. To live free from an overorganized work environment, one must work the same job to maintain quality of life and to avoid conflict.<2>
However, social structure can exist for its own sake and it should be maintained and monitored and it should be monitored in accordance with all social norms. In order for a social structure to truly function, all groups of humans have to cooperate, which means that their collective behaviors have to be adapted in order that their collective welfare depends on it. Furthermore, social rules, principles of social ethics and moral rules are not only an important means of keeping up the working conditions in social societies, but they also can affect the lives of all those who work inside the society.
Allowing the social organization of some people to operate out of a group-wide equilibrium is critical. There is a certain social structure that can lead people to cooperate on a particular social issue or on a particular social task, without interfering with the ability of others to perform their task. However, if there is a conflict between two or more groups that is more difficult for them to resolve, that is not desirable. The problem requires the group-wide agreement among their individual members and therefore the ability of those participating in the group to move on to their collective task.
In order for social structure to function properly, it must become self-consistent and effective under the conditions presented by the individual’s group behavior.<3>
The Social Structure of Collective Work
The individual who is not able to work independently or to perform the work of one member of his or her group is generally not working any of the group’s tasks. For instance, those outside the group do not work for the same purpose as the ones inside it. In particular, the individuals in the group may not participate in the general collective work of the group at all, but may do some work on their own and not participate in any of its activities. It is thus that the