Suspension System
INTRODUCTION1.1 BACKGROUND Suspension system is the most important part of fabricating of single seated vehicle. It is responsible for driving comfort and safety as the suspension carries the vehicle body and transmits all forces between the body and on the road. In order to positively influence these properties, semi-active or active components are introduced. These enable the suspension system to adapt to various driving conditions. By adding a variable damper or spring, driving comfort and safety are considerably improved compared to suspension setups with fixed properties. Suspension system consists of springs, shock absorbers and linkage that connects a vehicle to its wheels and allows relative motion between the two. The spring carries the body mass and isolates the body from road disturbances and thus contributes to drive comfort. The damper contributes to both driving safety and comfort. Its task is the damping of body and wheel oscillations, where the avoidance of wheel oscillations directly refers to drive safety, as a non-bouncing wheel is the condition for transferring road-contact forces. The suspension system for ground vehicle is located between the vehicle body and the vehicle wheels, and the components of suspension depend upon the type of suspension system. The vehicle suspension system consists of two types which is passive and active suspension system.
NumberComponentsFunctions1Control ArmMovable lever that fastens the steering knuckle to the vehicle’s body or frame2Steering KnuckleProvides a spindle or bearing support for the wheel hub bearings and wheel assembly3Ball JointsSwivel joints that allow control arm and steering knuckle to move up and down and side to side4SpringsSupport the weight of the vehicle, permit the control arm and wheel to move up and down5Shock AbsorbersKeep the suspension from continuing the bounce after spring compression and extension6Control Arm BushingSleeves that allows the control arm to swing up and down on the frame.Table 1.1.1 Basic Components of Suspension System and Functions[pic 1]Figure 1.1.1 Example of suspension system and its’ components (Rear suspension system)1.2 OBJECTIVESWhile striving to achieve the major aims, this project design work will focus on number of basic objectives which are:To apply the learning process mechanical engineering design for suspension design of single seated car.To perform design and analysis the suspension system of a single seated vehicle with all working components.Flaws present in design 1 must be removed or improvedTo provide good ride and handling performance To ensure that steering control is maintained during maneuvering To ensure that the vehicle responds favorably to control forces To ensure students will be able to learn use CAD software such as CATIA SCOPE OF PROJECTThe suspension system scope of project for single seated car was been set by the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Shah Alam. The car will have four suspension system where by located at each wheels and the wheels of the car must be 203.2 mm (8.0 inches) or more in diameter. The car must be equipped with a fully operational suspension system with shock absorbers, front and rear, with usable wheel travel of at least 50.8 mm, 25.4 mm jounce and 25.4 mm rebound, with driver seated. The type of suspension system will be used is double-wishbone arm since the use of any type of suspension system is permissible.