Public Communications
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Public Communication Public Communication is a speech- making activity before a large body of audience in a formal or informal situation wherein you, the speaker, display your talents for eloquence and oratory. ● public communication is the process of conveying ideas, of sharing opinions and information, of inducing understanding. ● It is highly social – it always involves others TYPES OF SPEECH – According to Preparation of Delivery 1. Impromptu – requires the least preparation and least of delivery. 2. Manuscript Reading – is called a read speech because it is one the is written out and read word for word during delivery. This type of speech is presented during solemn and historic occasion. 3. The Memorized Speech – This kind of delivery is good only for elocution pieces and like the read speech it also lacks spontaneity and naturalness. There are times when memory fails that in such event the speaker during his/her delivery may be exposed to great embarrassment. 4. The Extemporaneous Speech- This method of delivery is recommended for public speaking classes. It is not read or memorized. It has spontaneity and naturalness. The speaker also has time to prepare the speech according to the ideas it should tackle, though the language is formulated at the moment of delivery. TYPES OF SPEECH – According to Purpose 1. Speech to Inform – This speech aims to achieve clarity and understanding by way of establishing answers to the basic 5 W’s and H about topics that are non- controversial and non- debatable. There are classification of this type of test and they are (a) Explanation of Demonstration and (b) Description. 2.Speech to Inspire – This speech stimulates the emotional attitudes of the audience by setting a higher standard of ideas. 3. Speech to Persuade- This is the most difficult of all the speeches to make because in this speech, the speaker attempts to influence the attitude and behavior of an audience. This does not deal with the idea only but selling the idea to the truth and the reasonableness of the speaker’s proposition to the point of following the speaker’s recommended course of action. 4. Speech to Entertain – A speech to be entertaining does not have to be funny. Entertainment in speeches may come in the form of presenting or interesting information. Although humor is an important element of speech, it is not always the basis of an entertaining speech. TYPES OF SPEECH – According to Occasion ● There are special occasions whereby speeches are expected. The following are speeches delivered on certain occasions. ◦ Salutation ◦ Introduction ◦ Recognition of Guests ◦ Acceptance ◦ After Dinner speeches ◦ Acceptance ◦ Welcome ◦ Response ◦ Proposing a toast ◦ Eulogy THE MOST COMMON TYPES OF SPECIAL SPEECHES 1. INTRODUCTION ● A speech of introduction is designed to pave the way for the main speaker. It psychologically prepares the audience to listen to the speech. ● A speech of introduction is said in 2 or 3 minutes only. POINTS TO REMEMBER ● Know who the speaker is. ● Consult with the speaker about what he or she prefers that you say about him/her in the introduction. ● Get the necessary biographical information that will show who the speaker is and why or she is qualified to talk about the topic.
● Know what the person is going to talk about. FORMAT OF THE SPEECH OF INTRODUCTON ● The first two sentences should establish the nature of the occasion. ● The body of the speech should establish the speaker’s credibility. ● The conclusion usually includes the name of the speaker and the title of his/her talk. CONSIDERATION ● Avoid over praising- don’t explain everything in superlatives otherwise the presentation appears insincere and dishonest. ● In handling the award, the left hand should hold the award (plaque, trophy, and certificate) and present it to the left hand of the recipient. Offer a congratulatory handshake using your right hand. 2. ACCEPTANCES – * In acceptance speech is a response to a presentation speech. The purpose of this speech is to five brief thanks for receiving the award. FORMAT OF THE ACCEPTANCE SPEECH Give brief thank you to the group, agency of people responsible for giving the award. Express gratitude also to those who share in the honor if the recipient was aided by other. CONSIDERATON – The acceptance should be brief, unless it is the lead- in to a major address. 3. WELCOMINGS ● A welcome speech is one that expresses pleasures for the presence of a person/s or an organization. ● In a way, this is a double speech of introduction – you introduce the person/s (guest/s) POINTS TO REMEMBER Be familiar with both the person/s or organization you are welcoming and the situation to which you are welcoming the person. Then give a little information about the guest and the organization to which he or she is being welcomed. The conclusion is a brief statement of hope for a pleasant and profitable time, visit or stay with the organization. 4. TRIBUTES ● A speech of tribute is one that praises someone’s accomplishments during a birthday, promotion, retirement or death (eulogy). POINTS TO REMEMBER ● The key to an effective tribute is SINCERITY. The praise should be apparent, but don’t overdo it. Be objective, too ● Have in- depth biographical information about the subject – focus on the person’s commendable characteristics and accomplishment. ● Be prepared to make a sound positive appraisal of the subject. OTHER CEREMONIAL SPEECHES 1.COMMENCEMENT ADDRESS ● Is a speech presented by a major political, business or social figure. Or a prominent alumnus/a , during graduation ceremonies.