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Chapter 30 Notes
– The four types of travel are: Air, Rail, Land and Sea
Millions of people might travel tens of millions of km. Thousands of tones of cargo must be moved as quickly and as cheaply as possible
this movement of people and goods must be done in spite of great distances, harsh weather, and terrain difficulty
When people travel they consider many things which include: the distance, the cost, the route, the duration of the trip, and the method of travel.
they also decide to travel by land, air, or water
Roads
most important means by which people travel in canada.
Every year, governments of all levels spend more than $7 billion combined on the construction, maintenance, and administration or more than 900,000 km of Canadian roads.
19 million cars, trucks, buses and motorcycles use these roads
Automobiles
Canadians travel by car and light trucks more than any other means of transportation
roughly 17.8 million registered cars and trucks in Canada
This allows the average Canadian with greater mobility than ever before and more than most people in parts of the world
Most Valuable Feature- Flexibility
They allow people to travel from their starting point to their exact location
travel on their own schedules plus comfort and privacy
major mode of traveling between cities
more than 1 billion people ride the intercity bus annually
Advantages-inexpensive, and comfortable
Intracity buses mainly run in many towns and rural areas in Canada
Key element in the transportation system
move large # of commuters efficiently
reduce traffic, noise and air pollution
Rail Travel
during 20th century, travel by train was more common in Canada then by other means
faster, more reliable, and more comfortable then travel by road or water
in the 2nd half of the century, train travel was decline because:
Cars were cheaper to buy and own, and intercity railways were improved
rail cars were getting old but because of cost it was never replaced
Freight traffic-carrying cargo rather than people-more profitable for railway companies
travel by plane was more common and less expensive. (cars replaced the short train ride and the plane covered the long train ride)
Commuter Rail-this type of transportation moves commuters to and from work.
Air Travel
the great distances between our cities, and our affluence, combine to make Canadians frequent air travelers
tend to fly for longer trips
you may think this area is thriving, unfortunately it isnt
in 2003 our largest airline (Canada) went into bankruptcy protection
before the 1990, the air travel industry was highly regulated by government, which determined such matters as cost of airfares and the routes each airline can fly, the the government no longer controlled fares and routes.
Canadas air travel still faces challenges such as: increased security procedures have made air travel less comfortable and convenient, the ever-increasing cost of crude oil makes it more expensive. nonetheless air travel will remain a vital method of transportation in Canada
In a country as large as our, it couldnt be otherwise
Airports
Canada has 330 certified airports, and 26 handle more than 200,000 passengers a year
Of these 26, several are major international airports built in Canadas largest cities
the busiest are Torontos Lester B. Pearson, Vancouver International, Calgary International, Montreals Pierre Elliot Trudeau, and Winnipeg International Airport-theyre all transport hubs for international ad domestic flights that carry both people and cargo
Travel by Ship
not common in Canada, but where it occurs, its vitally important
carries tourists and residents across lakes and rivers in Ontario and B.C
costly to operate and often subject to stoppages due to sever weather, ice conditions, and mechanical problems and labour problems
essential to the livelihood of many Canadians
where weather is often severe, travel by ferry isnt always common
to decrease traffic congestion at ferry terminals and stoppages due to severe winter weather, the Canadian Government produced a sound bridge between P.E.I and New Brunswick in 1997 (Confederation Bridge)
Movement of goods
Some cargoes are moved as quickly as possible, with little concern of the high price and some is shipped slowly, at a cost that is low as possible
Moving Cargo by Rail
Trains=very good at moving large amounts of cargo very cheaply, and moving buk cargoes which include coal, grain, wood and oil
Bulk cargoes=large volume and low cost and can be transported a cheaply as possible
Unit trains are a way of moving cargo cheaply because it only carries one type from the cargos source to its destination, they are also designed to load and unload quickly and are inexpensive to operate
most important unit train routes are:
the interior of Labrador to ports on the St. Lawrence River (Iron ore)