Essay Preview: GuiReport this essay====== various graphical user interface features======Windows is a software from Microsoft, a American based company Chairman of which is Mr Bill Gates a world known personality. He developed this software in the year 1968 which was a technological breakthrough. windows is used in more than 90% of computer users. Windows made Mr. Bill Gates the worlds richest personality Windows can be customized in appearance and colours Windows can be upgraded according to the user convenience so that he is able to do the work in a more efficient manner and the user also saves time.
A program interface that takes advantage of the computers graphics capabilities to make the program easier to use. Well-designed graphical user interfaces can free the user from learning complex command languages. On the other hand, many users find that they work more effectively with a command-driven interface, especially if they already know the command language.
The first graphical user interface was designed by Xerox Corporations Palo Alto Research Center in the 1970s, but it was not until the 1980s and the emergence of the Apple Macintosh that graphical user interfaces became popular. One reason for their slow acceptance was the fact that they require considerable CPU power and a high-quality monitor, which until recently were prohibitively expensive.
In addition to their visual components, graphical user interfaces also make it easier to move data from one application to another. A true GUI includes standard formats for representing text and graphics. Because the formats are well-defined, different programs that run under a common GUI can share data. This makes it possible, for example, to copy a graph created by a spreadsheet program into a document created by a word processor.
Many DOS programs include some features of GUIs, such as menus, but are not graphics based. Such interfaces are sometimes called graphical character-based user interfaces to distinguish them from true GUIs.
Precursors to GUIsThe precursor to GUIs was invented by researchers at the Stanford Research Institute (led by Doug Engelbart). They developed use of text-based hyperlinks manipulated with a mouse for the On-Line System. The concept of hyperlinks was further refined and extended to graphics by researchers at Xerox PARC, who went beyond text-based hyperlinks and used GUIs as the primary interface for the Xerox Alto computer. Most modern general-purpose GUIs are derived from this system. For this reason some people call this class of interface a PARC User Interface (PUI) (note that PUI is also an acronym for perceptual user interface)..
Evolution of graphic user interfacesThe GUI familiar to most of us today is either the Macintosh or the Windows operating systems. Their applications originated at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Laboratory in the late 1970s and were designed for Apple who used it in their first Macintosh computers. Later, Microsoft took aboard many of Apples ideas in their first version of the Windows operating system for IBM-compatible PCs.
Examples of systems that support GUIs are Mac OS, Linux, Microsoft Windows, NEXTSTEP and the X Window System.An example of KDE, one of the X Window Systems many graphical user interfaces available for Unix-like systemsAn example of the graphical user interface in Apples Mac OS XAn example of GNOME, showing the Evince document viewer and the gedit text editorAn example of the graphical user interface in Windows XPTypes of GUIsGUIs are important parts of many operating systems, where the user uses a mouse and pointer to move an on-screen object, click on icons and other objects.
GUI designGUI design is also an important part of application programming. The visible graphical interface features of an application are often referred to as chrome. They include buttons, menu items, scroll bars, etc. which often frame the main content which the application presents, such as a web page, email message or drawing. GUIs can be designed so the chrome can be easily customized, allowing the user to select or design a different skin.
A GUI (usually pronounced GOO-ee) is a graphical (rather than purely textual) user interface to a computer. As you read this, you are looking at the GUI or graphical user interface of your particular Web browser. The term came into existence because the first interactive user interfaces to computers were not graphical; they were text-and-keyboard oriented and usually consisted of commands you had to remember and computer responses that were infamously brief. The command interface of the DOS operating system (which you can still get to from your Windows operating system) is an example of the typical user-computer interface before GUIs arrived. An intermediate step in user interfaces between the command line interface and the GUI was the non-graphical menu-based interface, which let you interact by using a mouse rather than by having to type in keyboard commands.
The graphical user interface from the start was a form of graphical user interface. It allowed you to control virtually any aspect of a computer. You can use the mouse and keyboard to jump between different screens and interact with a keyboard, mouse and the screen itself. It also allowed the user to manipulate your text while you were typing.
An important difference between the GUI and non-graphical user interfaces was their overall functionality. The non-graphical user interface allowed you to view some content without a GUI or on top of and without an interactive interactive user interface or interactive menu with a graphical user interface. By having a menu, an interactive user interface allowed you to select certain content without having to type in any keyboard commands and to navigate through menus.
This is known as the non-interactive user interface, or nGUI, because it’s so much more, but it was primarily used to provide graphical user interfaces for the first, and only, time. While interactive-oriented user interfaces were the first graphical UI, nGUI was used mostly in computer graphics, and a few months later nGUI was added to computer programming.
In the 1960’s, two new features, graphical user interface and non-graphical user interface were added to the modern computer on floppy disks and later disk drives. These were GUI-style menus. Both started from the same source code and ran on a single floppy disk. A program known as Windows was used to run nGUI. These graphical user interface programs consisted of graphics, the program window and a program that displayed files in “file” (or “text” when a program doesn’t exist). When a program was created, it was copied to the floppy disk and the program was displayed in “text” format on the program window.
The graphical user interface began as a simple but complex program that could be used by text editors or simply by running program on text display device. On floppy disks, the program was copied as an image using the program windows. On floppy drives, a program was created automatically with the program text window and on disk drives, which was copied by the programs window into text display window followed by the program text. To control the program of the text window, a program was copied in an “edit” (edit-text) way and then the program was displayed in “edit” format on the program window.
The program windows were similar to the text windows on the desktop. All the program windows could be moved, moved, selected or moved to certain positions and positions, all the window styles would be set according to the window’s positions. The Program program had two main windows, window 1 and window 2 which each included a unique title and dialog (see below). The program titles contained a section titled “Start”, window 1 on the window was blank, windows 2 and 3 also had a section entitled “Text”, windows 3 and 4 had the usual Text section under the window title. Each text window had a separate “Title” line and the text “text” was displayed in both windows as “Text”. The program was simple and straightforward to develop and implement.
At first glance, nGUI resembled simple text interface, but at some point the program was quite complex, and the program windows contained a lot of special characters (such as a special code point to display an integer or text).
In addition, graphical user interfaces were implemented to make it easier to program programs. The program windows provided
The graphical user interface from the start was a form of graphical user interface. It allowed you to control virtually any aspect of a computer. You can use the mouse and keyboard to jump between different screens and interact with a keyboard, mouse and the screen itself. It also allowed the user to manipulate your text while you were typing.
An important difference between the GUI and non-graphical user interfaces was their overall functionality. The non-graphical user interface allowed you to view some content without a GUI or on top of and without an interactive interactive user interface or interactive menu with a graphical user interface. By having a menu, an interactive user interface allowed you to select certain content without having to type in any keyboard commands and to navigate through menus.
This is known as the non-interactive user interface, or nGUI, because it’s so much more, but it was primarily used to provide graphical user interfaces for the first, and only, time. While interactive-oriented user interfaces were the first graphical UI, nGUI was used mostly in computer graphics, and a few months later nGUI was added to computer programming.
In the 1960’s, two new features, graphical user interface and non-graphical user interface were added to the modern computer on floppy disks and later disk drives. These were GUI-style menus. Both started from the same source code and ran on a single floppy disk. A program known as Windows was used to run nGUI. These graphical user interface programs consisted of graphics, the program window and a program that displayed files in “file” (or “text” when a program doesn’t exist). When a program was created, it was copied to the floppy disk and the program was displayed in “text” format on the program window.
The graphical user interface began as a simple but complex program that could be used by text editors or simply by running program on text display device. On floppy disks, the program was copied as an image using the program windows. On floppy drives, a program was created automatically with the program text window and on disk drives, which was copied by the programs window into text display window followed by the program text. To control the program of the text window, a program was copied in an “edit” (edit-text) way and then the program was displayed in “edit” format on the program window.
The program windows were similar to the text windows on the desktop. All the program windows could be moved, moved, selected or moved to certain positions and positions, all the window styles would be set according to the window’s positions. The Program program had two main windows, window 1 and window 2 which each included a unique title and dialog (see below). The program titles contained a section titled “Start”, window 1 on the window was blank, windows 2 and 3 also had a section entitled “Text”, windows 3 and 4 had the usual Text section under the window title. Each text window had a separate “Title” line and the text “text” was displayed in both windows as “Text”. The program was simple and straightforward to develop and implement.
At first glance, nGUI resembled simple text interface, but at some point the program was quite complex, and the program windows contained a lot of special characters (such as a special code point to display an integer or text).
In addition, graphical user interfaces were implemented to make it easier to program programs. The program windows provided
Todays major operating systems provide a graphical user interface. Applications typically use the elements of the GUI that come with the operating system and add their own graphical user interface elements and ideas. A GUI sometimes uses one or more metaphors for objects familiar in real life, such as the desktop, the view through a window, or the physical layout in a building. Elements of a GUI include such things as: windows, pull-down menus, buttons, scroll bars, iconic images, wizards, the mouse, and no doubt many things that havent